tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-69861559565257365022024-03-13T22:52:55.489+07:00medwinz's notesDi antara yang aku takutkan adalah aku pandai menjelaskan terangnya cahaya, tetapi hatiku sendiri gelap gulita ....."bantulah yang di bumi, niscaya Yang di langit akan membantumu", jika menyusahkan yang di bumi niscaya kesusahan akan berbalik ke dirimu.M. Edwin Zakariahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16030000917025038396noreply@blogger.comBlogger24125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6986155956525736502.post-31852650894846277122022-03-04T11:45:00.007+07:002022-04-05T09:31:42.968+07:00Prejudice and Privilege<i><b><u>Notes</u>:</b></i><div><div><i>It is not about Linux or other geeky stuff nor it is a political writing. </i></div><div><i><br /></i></div><div><i><br /></i></div><div>It was a day in the end of March 2007. I was just landed at the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Munich_Airport" target="_blank">Franz Josef Strauss Munich Airport</a> around 10 AM in the morning. I had 5 days free time from my work in Astrium. At that time I was contracted by <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astrium" target="_blank">EADS Astrium</a> (now become Airbus Defense and Space) to work with them in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toulouse" target="_blank">Toulouse</a>. I worked for one of their project. I flew from Toulouse where I worked to visit my brother family in Munich. Just after I picked up my luggage from the conveyor, three guys without uniform approaching me and asked me in English what i'm doing in Munich. I asked them if I did anything wrong. One of them told me that it was a random checked. </div><div> </div><div>"Who are you guys? Sorry sir if it is a random check, why do you choose me instead of other?" I reply to their answer. </div><div><br /></div><div>One of them said they're from the Munich immigration, and at the same time showing a gun behind his jacket. For my itinerary Munich was not the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schengen_Area" target="_blank">Schengen </a>gate. Besides, I already did the interview in Netherlands and also in France embassy in Jakarta three months before so it is not a regular procedure. I never experienced a random check interview. Being someone with Asian look, Indonesian passport and with the name start with the Moslem name, I was fully aware at that time that my condition in Europe might be facing some unpleasant conditions.</div><div>I had to show them not only my passport and visa but all of my documents, including a letter from France Embassy in Jakarta stated that I'm working for French project and also a letter from EADS Astrium said that I'm working with them.</div><div>Luckily they know a bit about Astrium in Toulouse.</div><div><br /></div><div>Astrium is an European consortium satellite maker. They also knew that Toulouse is a place where the Airbus aircraft will get the final assembly. Seems a bit surprise for them knowing that I worked for EADS Astrium. They asked me, "How did you apply and get the job in Astrium Toulouse?"</div><div><br /></div><div>"I'm not apply, they found me! They came to Jakarta and picked me up from there." I reply.</div><div><br /></div><div>"What is your purpose to visit Munich?" The biggest guy asked me again. </div><div><br /></div><div>"I want to visit my brother, he works in one of Airbus facility in Augsburg" I said.</div><div><br /></div><div>After several minutes the situation changed, they became nice to me knowing that I work for one of European high-tech industry. If people communicate and talk, understand the position of each other, and try to see each other on the same position without prejudice everything will be much more better in this world. </div><div><br /></div><div>In the end they said "The documents seems legitimate. Enjoy Muenchen and Bavaria".</div></div><div><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiyRBsKAWE1y3xKY4rWK01UppukkC6yUFFuLOz8VZcezhG9WFBFBbp2Lxwz5ukJIrEAKZ0pvRSpIa6HwmNo39ChqPGwGOIQzKSyu5UofJRl7eujS_jkgmNjVyXYXC3b89LxR-sKmt4b__9p/s2048/DSCN0833.JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1536" data-original-width="2048" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiyRBsKAWE1y3xKY4rWK01UppukkC6yUFFuLOz8VZcezhG9WFBFBbp2Lxwz5ukJIrEAKZ0pvRSpIa6HwmNo39ChqPGwGOIQzKSyu5UofJRl7eujS_jkgmNjVyXYXC3b89LxR-sKmt4b__9p/s320/DSCN0833.JPG" width="320" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">Astrium</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjW1o1cm6GeA6bupqCEaV0bdAy9cuqn3ykp026zx1xwXskrkekSguldo2R8cC8JuGeKuSIsn8L5ksJLccD2S7ib5SjFCc_MnaDE-l9apxiV8lbTpefyLmilXyfgJS7pd99EedWx6jftt_Kb/s2048/DSCN0840.JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1536" data-original-width="2048" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjW1o1cm6GeA6bupqCEaV0bdAy9cuqn3ykp026zx1xwXskrkekSguldo2R8cC8JuGeKuSIsn8L5ksJLccD2S7ib5SjFCc_MnaDE-l9apxiV8lbTpefyLmilXyfgJS7pd99EedWx6jftt_Kb/s320/DSCN0840.JPG" width="320" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">Lab where i worked</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEih2eyKNkvPGoJ8fHUyZC9rfPa87Idccqmd_a9v2TCeYeF32I_GN8ZpDJOoS9Er0cHjERyonO0WJLATs98JuElrSdfYxchEJsi5Zoaml12wjSvMKl2Ka0QsXWHVgOKyQ5xlSkQ3xguy9kBc/s2048/DSCN0842.JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1536" data-original-width="2048" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEih2eyKNkvPGoJ8fHUyZC9rfPa87Idccqmd_a9v2TCeYeF32I_GN8ZpDJOoS9Er0cHjERyonO0WJLATs98JuElrSdfYxchEJsi5Zoaml12wjSvMKl2Ka0QsXWHVgOKyQ5xlSkQ3xguy9kBc/s320/DSCN0842.JPG" width="320" /></a></div><div style="text-align: center;">A GSM BTS and an access point</div><div style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: left;">I also have other uncomfortable experience in several places. Even in the south east asian countries. </div><div style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: left;">On the contrary, in several cases where I should go abroad where my employer was from the developed country and the place where I worked was a developing country the situation turned opposite. I experienced this when I should worked in Myanmar for <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Agency_for_International_Development" target="_blank">USAID</a> project for example. They treat me very well (actually it was too much) in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naypyidaw" target="_blank">Nay Pyi Taw</a>. </div><div style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: left;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEhRF3HIl9vPmsxylqEQqk3YPvLxuesjafFdlSziVjvaOJpgHso1mdxOa7NTwEydn3u1D5tE8V9mtGXWcK2117rhk126dl5b2cw1GntQGWxZuimxaJGp5r_f5T8tX9OVSF9zS0bPXYVhEVCmpDreYbeOyNSh6fDWQmWD3bSvDI6bL_KYBGlvxhKOscgM0Q=s843" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="495" data-original-width="843" height="188" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEhRF3HIl9vPmsxylqEQqk3YPvLxuesjafFdlSziVjvaOJpgHso1mdxOa7NTwEydn3u1D5tE8V9mtGXWcK2117rhk126dl5b2cw1GntQGWxZuimxaJGp5r_f5T8tX9OVSF9zS0bPXYVhEVCmpDreYbeOyNSh6fDWQmWD3bSvDI6bL_KYBGlvxhKOscgM0Q=s320" width="320" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div>I never have any problem visiting Japan. A nice country, they are very modern and at the same time they still respect their tradition and culture. Besides the train with alcohol smell up in the air on the Friday night, and many people get drunk in certain places, Japanese are nice and polite people. I visited Kyoto one time, while I was walking on the side walk on that night there was a person who got drunk and seems disturbing passersby, less than a minute later a policeman riding a bicycle swiftly arrested him before he made any harm. On another visit to Tokyo my friend left his bag on the train. We contact the train office, told them that we lost a bag on our route. The officer on the phone asked us to visit one of the train station on 8 PM that night. We went there and the bag returned. Imagine if it happens in Jakarta Commuter Line :-)</div><div style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: left;">From my experience there are problems on how the people in this world interact with each others, whether from the citizenship point of view or race point of view. In the connected world now it is very sad that prejudice and privilege still exist in the human mind. </div><div style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: left;">When I visited Nuremberg in 2019, I found German are very open minded, very different with what I found in 2007. The immigration process was very fast, the officer was very warm welcome. I met a lot of people came from all over the world. One of a German friend said to me that Germany welcome people from around the world because they need immigrant to build the country.</div><div style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: left;">Is the situation different now, 15 years after my experience in Munich? Maybe, maybe not, there are some effort but seems not enough. Some countries like Germany make very good progress, but other maybe need to be improved. There are several reasons, but for me as Indonesian citizen there are two main reasons:</div><div style="text-align: left;"><ul style="text-align: left;"><li>human mindset</li><li>the state's efforts to improve the dignity of the nation</li></ul></div><div><b>Human mindset</b></div><div><br /></div><div>This is something that everyone can take a part to make the world to be a better place for live.</div><div><br /></div><div>As a human, we need a security. People tend to protect themselves. They feel someone from other countries or race will become the threat of their security and their opportunity, disturb their privilege status quo. This condition exist because insecure mind, maybe they have some background that support it, or just a superiority complex, or maybe a racist point of view. In the capitalistic society where everything is about the wealth and money, the illusion of <a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Three-component_theory_of_stratification">Weber social class</a> (power, prestige/status, property/class) seems works well in the mind of most of the people. The higher the power, prestige and property/wealth/income, the higher opportunity for education, health, and job. People with the privilege will have better future. Actually this is not only happen in secular and capitalistic society, it happens everywhere regardless of people believes and religion. There are cases when people difficult to find a job, to get education or getting married because of their citizenship or race or social status or wealth.<br /><div><br /></div><div>Does it wrong? It is what it is, there is no absolute answer. In this world sometimes we cannot say it is right or wrong. Everyone can have their own view. For me it is wrong, I believe that everyone who lives in our world should have the same opportunity and right. You can disagree with someone but don't generalize based on race or nation or where someone come from. We cannot choose where and when we are born, what race we are, who our parents, what race and citizenship they are, it is given.</div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_W._Mills" target="_blank">Charles Mills</a>, a Jamaican philosopher <span style="background-color: white; color: #202122;">proposes to develop a non-ideal theory to explain and expose the inequities of the actual non-ideal policy and to help us see through the theories and moral justifications offered in defense of them. Using it as a central concept, the notion of a Racial Contract might be more revealing of the real character of the world we are living in, and the corresponding historical deficiencies of its normative theories and practices, than the race-less notions currently dominant in political theory. He mention his theory in his book </span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Racial_Contract" target="_blank">The Racial Contract</a>. </span>In commenting this book, <a href="https://scholars.latrobe.edu.au/ymorsi" target="_blank">Dr. Yassir Morsi</a>, a lecturer in Gender, Sexuality & Diversity Studies at La Trobe University Melbourne Australia, said a daring statement. As a son of immigrant and grew up in Australia he understand very well about Mills statement and he said .... <a href="https://muslimindependent.com/2021/07/29/white-whiteness-white-supremacy-dr-yassir-morsi/" target="_blank">and the rest of us are trying to be white when we're trying to be human</a>.</div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div></div><div><b>The state's efforts to improve the dignity of the nation</b></div><div><br /></div><div>It is something that we can ask to our government to improve the situation. We may cannot directly involve on how they make the policy, but at least we can speak, give input to policy maker, support all decision and effort to increase nation competency and on the contrary speak loud if we found something useless on the government policy or policy implementation.</div><div><br /></div><div>As a country move to the better direction, other countries will see that as a progress. Usually people will give a good impression if a country has a good implementation about democracy, human right, free of speech, law, no corruption, education, infrastructure development. Take your part to improve the thing that you believe you can do, every small contribution count!</div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><b>Closing</b></div><div><br /></div><div>I have many friends and colleagues from all over the world with diverse background. I'm very grateful that all of them are very open mind and treat everyone in equal. We are friend because we are in the same neighborhood, school, community, hobby, work relation, or just a friend. Sometimes I met people who think their country, or race or citizenship is better than me, it is what it is. I just introspect and be grateful that I'm not one of them. </div><div><div><div><br /></div></div><div>To my gentle reader from Indonesia or other developing countries no worry. Never think that you are the lower class in this world. Try to improve yourself, make yourself useful for your family and community, learn and do your best in your work or study, and contribute back to society. If someone despise you or look down on you, move on, think positive, you're not as bad as they think. You don't have to proof anything.</div></div><div><br /></div><div>World is a beautiful place, just make it to be more wonderful :-) </div>M. Edwin Zakariahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16030000917025038396noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6986155956525736502.post-21558026229910662052019-01-02T23:11:00.000+07:002019-01-03T13:43:35.107+07:00In Search of Manohara<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<u><i>Notes:</i></u><br />
<i>I always write note in my laptop and put it somewhere either on disk or cloud when I think there is an interesting experience. I found this 7 years old note when I try to clear some space in my disk, and before I wipe it out from my disk I think it is an interesting story to share with you. This happened in 2011, at that time I was working to build Linux based computer labs for 500 elementary and junior high schools in Yogyakarta Indonesia. No it is not about computer and other geeky stuff. So here it is. </i><br />
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<i>Well, it is very out of topic everyone, you've already been warned 😁</i><br />
<i><br /></i>During my busy weeks in implementing openSUSE Li-f-e for schools in Yogyakarta Indonesia (see the pictures below), me and one of my colleague use our free time in a Sunday afternoon to visit <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borobudur" target="_blank">Borobudur</a>, the biggest Buddhist temple in the world. One of the World Heritage preserve by Unesco. 85% of Indonesia population are Moslem and this make Indonesia the biggest Moslem country in the world. We are tolerant people and respect diversity. Our national motto is <i>Bhinneka Tunggal Ika</i> means "Unity in Diversity". That's why the biggest Buddhist temple stand still here. In Indonesia, kids learn about it in history and culture subject in middle schools. I still remember my history teacher told the story in front of the class and I was very amazed at that time. She said that the temple was build by <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pramodhawardhani" target="_blank">Princess Pramodhawardhani</a> the daughter of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samaratungga" target="_blank">King Samaratungga</a> from <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shailendra_dynasty" target="_blank">Syailendra</a> clan who ruled Java Island in 8th - 9th century. She also told that the temple rising in the middle of the lake (when it was built) and form a lotus flower and leaf in the center of a lake. Wow .......<br />
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Busy weeks: <br />
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That was seems a bit late to go there on that afternoon, we must drove around 35-40 km from the place I stay in Yogyakarta. I stay (live actually) around 4 years in Yogyakarta during the project, a nice city. I feel that the city trying hard to maintain its traditional Javanese heritage while at the same time the modernization trying to put away all the traditional values. I really like the city.</div>
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Some Yogyakarta city pics:<br />
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It was light rain and a cloudy afternoon. To go there we must passed the bridge in Kali Putih river (literally "kali" means river in Indonesian language), after <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2010_eruptions_of_Mount_Merapi" target="_blank">Mount Merapi eruption in October 2010</a> this location always damage by the massive cold lava and volcanic material from the last eruption. We saw some very big rocks and large volume of sand beside the street. That's explain why sometime we find a big rock in the middle of flat land. The cold lava was very huge, maybe there are plenty of archaeological sites around this area still buried beneath the surface because this happened also in the past. Around 4 PM we arrived in Borobudur, parked the car, and run to the sites around 1 km to the top. It was light rain and cloudy, not a perfect condition to take some pictures and we will miss the sunset 😞 <br />
Everyone should wearing "<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Batik" target="_blank">kain/sarung batik</a>" that we can borrow (for free) after entering the main gate. We were a bit late, the temple will close on 5 PM. Huh..... 😟<br />
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Some pics:<br />
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This time I want to search <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manohara" target="_blank">Manohara</a> in scuplture/stone relief in level 1. Borobudur consist of 3 level and the first (named Kamadatu) and second level (named Rupadatu) are full of stone relief. Manohara is a Kinnari, half woman and half bird creature while <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kinnara" target="_blank">Kinnara</a> is half man and half bird. The stories, where she roles as a heroine, is compiled in the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Divyavadana" target="_blank">Dvijavadana anthology</a> (from sanskrit word means Glorious Heavenly Acts, wow .....). Manohara married with the Prince Sudhana in that story, the story about how to act heavenly.<br />
I took some pictures here and there but I'm not sure that was Manohara 😀 <br />
In the end I'm not sure I found Manohara because I'm not well prepared, belief me I enjoy reading epic, history and cultural literature. I'm not just a linux freak 😅<br />
My colleague told me that better I took photograph of stewardess because they usually pretty and always fly (like Manohara) 😆<br />
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Actually I never found this "Manohara" stewardess maybe because I'm not a prince. I found a woman that give me a <i>magic</i> feeling though, but she can't fly for sure 😂<br />
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Sculpture - Stone relief:<br />
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In 5 PM, the site guards ask everyone to leave Borobudur because they will closed. I asked one of the guides there how to transfer the rain water from the top to the ground below, the drainage system of this temple. Borobudur lie in the hill, beneath the rock surface there should be the hill. How to avoid the water not infiltrate to the hill behind the relief-rock? If the water go directly to the hill inside the rock then Borobudur can collapse. This can be a really challenging task. Restoration team engineers found the solution and make a drainage system beneath the temple floor and transfer the water from the top to the ground outside the temple. Originally the rain water was transferred using <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gargoyle" target="_blank">gargoyle</a> in the corners but now it is not use anymore because it can damage the temple.<br />
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Drainage and wall section:<br />
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These are some of my suggestions if you visit Borobudur:<br />
<ul>
<li>Early in the morning, so you can see the sunrise. I think it is not possible because the sites open at 8 AM. But maybe you can arrange it for special condition. Well, I don't know.</li>
<li>Do not visit it between 11 AM - 2 PM becuase it can be very hot. It is located in equator area 😀 </li>
<li>Try to be there between 2 PM- 3 PM, so you have time to explore the relief/sculpture in <i>Kamadatu</i> and <i>Rupadatu</i>.</li>
<li>If possible visit it in dry season between May - September, don't go there in rainy season you can miss the best moment to see the sunset. </li>
<li>Because the site is closed in 5 PM, you should ask the guides or the guard if you can wait a little longer to take some pictures. </li>
<li>Don't forget to bring your hat and umbrella. It can be very hot or very wet 😅</li>
<li>If you like photography bring your wide-angle lense. </li>
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So everyone, when do you visit Yogyakarta? I can show you how we implement openSUSE in schools and as a bonus you can see one of the greatest world heritage 😃 <br />
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<i><u>Additional notes;</u></i><br />
<i>After <a href="https://medwinz.blogspot.com/2016/10/opensuseasia-summit-2016-note-from.html" target="_blank">openSUSE.Asia Summit 2016</a> in Yogyakarta Indonesia, we had one day tour to Borobudur temple and Prambanan temple. Prambanan is a Hindu temple on the east of Yogyakarta, it is also a beautiful Unesco World Heritage. We had a lot of fun!</i><br />
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<i> </i> M. Edwin Zakariahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16030000917025038396noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6986155956525736502.post-87282502789847685292018-12-31T16:58:00.002+07:002019-01-01T20:59:17.462+07:00Remarkable Year 2018 for openSUSE Indonesia Community<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<span class="tlid-translation translation">Year 2018 is a remarkable year for the Indonesian openSUSE community. There are quite a lot of our achievements as a community that make us proud. As a long time person in this community, I feel that there are quite a lot of young people who can be role models for future generations. Even though the dominance of "you again" cannot be denied, because the same people are also activists in BlankON, LibreOfficeID, Glib, and other communities, it does not reduce my admiration for their militancy towards the spread of FOSS use in Indonesia.</span><br />
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<span class="tlid-translation translation">One of openSUSE community friend once said to me, the first step is the most difficult. When I started using Linux in 1997 no one used it at my workplace. I have been using Unix for about 2 years and it happens that many GNU software is also used on both operating systems so the commands are not so weird for me. But it is very difficult to find people to have direct discussion at that time. At present the obstacles that I felt before seemed to be gone. There are many places for people to ask as long as there is intention.<br /><br />It is also quite encouraging about the openSUSE translation. Unlike some other language versions, which are some of it translated by SUSE, the <a href="https://l10n.opensuse.org/" target="_blank">translation into Indonesian language</a> is purely community work. Many thanks to the translation team, I have to name a few here, Arif Budiman, Kukuh Syafaat, and "<i>primbon ijo</i>" (green sacred book) bot manager, Yan Arief. Of course thank you also for all members of the translation team, there are 30 people. I don't mention them one by one, nevertheless you are all great 🙂.</span><br />
<span class="tlid-translation translation"><br />There are some people who were accepted as openSUSE members in 2018, which I remember were Kukuh Syafaat, Dhenandi, Estu Fardani, Yan Arief. Some more people have applied for membership registration applications, I am sure they are eligible, and just a matter of time to be approved. If you are interested, please submit by following the instructions on the <a href="https://en.opensuse.org/openSUSE:Members" target="_blank">wiki page</a>.<br /><br />The saddest day for the community in 2018 is when <a href="https://opensuse.id/2018/02/09/rafi-dan-opensuse/" target="_blank">we lose Muhammad Rafi</a> in February 2018. I do not know him closely, but I've met him a couple of times, on the August 2017 Bekraf Habibie Festival, openSUSE 42.3 release party and some other events. On that occasions I knew him as a passionate and very humble young man. All our prayers for the late Rafi.<br /><br />On March 23-25, 2018 <a href="https://opensuse.id/2018/03/01/opensuse-dan-opensuse-id-berpartisipasi-pada-libreoffice-conference-indonesia-2018/" target="_blank">Indonesia openSUSE Comunity</a> / openSUSE received an invitation to open a booth at the <a href="https://medwinz.blogspot.com/2018/04/libreoffice-conference-indonesia-2018.html" target="_blank">Indonesian LibreOffice Conference</a>. Thank you to the LibreOffice Indonesia Community for giving us the opportunity to participate in the event. openSUSE has always supported LibreOffice since the start of the project. Furthermore, please <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Go-oo" target="_blank">read how go-oo</a> has been stopped and integrated into LibreOffice.<br /><br />On May 21, 2018, we made a ticket in openSUSE progress to improve the status of <a href="https://repo.opensuse.id/" target="_blank">community-managed repos</a> to become openSUSE official mirror repository. On May 22, 2018, Per Jessen, one of <a href="https://en.opensuse.org/openSUSE:Heroes" target="_blank">the openSUSE Heroes Team</a> members replied and said our repo officially entered the official openSUSE mirror repo. Hopefully this can help provide a fast and up-to-date update for the Indonesian openSUSE community.</span><br />
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<span class="tlid-translation translation">openSUSE Leap 15.0 was released on May 25, 2018 during openSUSE Conference 2018 in Prague. KLAS Surabaya was the first to hold a Leap 15.0 release party in Indonesia on June 2, 2018. Thank you <a href="https://opensuse.id/2018/06/04/pesta-rilis-opensuse-leap-15-telah-diadakan-di-surabaya/" target="_blank">Darian Rizaluddin and friends</a> </span><span class="tlid-translation translation"><span class="tlid-translation translation">for the initiative</span>. We can count on you 🙂. In collaboration with <a href="https://opensuse.id/2018/06/27/pesta-rilis-opensuse-leap-15-0/" target="_blank">Glib</a>, openSUSE Indonesia also held a <a href="https://www.instagram.com/p/Bkrmlkph0vf/?utm_source=ig_web_copy_link" target="_blank">release party</a> in Bogor on July 1, 2018. You are all cool!<br /><br /><a href="https://opensuse.id/2018/08/21/cerita-dari-taipei-coscup-x-opensuse-asia-summit-x-gnome-asia-summit-2018/" target="_blank">openSUSE.Asia Summit 2018</a> was held in conjunction with GNOME.Asia Summit 2018 and COSCUP in Taipei 11-12 August 2018. In 2018 there were quite a number of colleagues from openSUSE Indonesia Community who attended the event both as speakers and participants. Good to you all. If you want to go abroad and to be paid up to 80% of your travel cost, don't hesitate to join the community and submit a proposal, who knows if you are selected 🙂.</span><br />
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<span class="tlid-translation translation">During openSUSE.Asia Summit 2018, registration for Call for Host for a similar event in 2019 also opened. India and Indonesia volunteered to become candidates for the host. Finally, after the voting was held, on October 5, 2018 Bali, Indonesia was appointed as host of the openSUSE.Asia 2019 Summit.</span><br />
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<span class="tlid-translation translation"><span class="tlid-translation translation">The core committee for openSUSE. Asia Summit 2019 has already started the preparation work, there are Kukuh, Dhenandi, Ary, Yan Arief, Estu, Rania, Rifki. They have conducted a survey in Bali and the plan is openSUSE.Asia Summit 2019 will take place in the Information Technology Department, Faculty of Engineering, Udayana University in October 2019. Thank you for Putu Shinoda, our community member who also a lecturer in Udayana University who has been willing to become the host. The committee will definitely need a lot of help and support, and awaited the participation of all the Indonesian openSUSE community members.<br /><br />The Indonesian openSUSE community contributes to the design of mugs for openSUSE GSoC mentors. There are 3 people who submitted the designs, <a href="https://github.com/raniaamina/artwork/commit/e4bbfc2195766802338e7e3126954eec98118b85" target="_blank">Ahmad Romadhon (Rania), Pramasta, Tamara</a>. Pramasta's <a href="https://twitter.com/opensusementors/status/1075670243916349440/photo/1" target="_blank">design was finally chosen</a>. Aris Winardi also <a href="https://news.opensuse.org/2018/12/18/opensuse-enthusiast-creates-board-elections-poster-to-encourage-participation/" target="_blank">made a poster</a> for the openSUSE Board Elections that will be held in February 2019. Thank you all.<br /><br />There is one thing in 2018 that Indonesian openSUSE community cannot fulfill, namely participation as student for Google Summer of Code under the openSUSE organization. I and <a href="http://anamaria.martinezgomez.name/2018/02/15/gsoc-in-indonesia.html" target="_blank">Ana</a> (openSUSE Board member) since 2017 have planned to promote GSoC to attract more students from Indonesia to this event. Unfortunately, from 3 people who expressed their interest in 2018 they could not go further. I noticed the weakness of our young people was not to start by doing research on the project in the first place, </span></span><span class="tlid-translation translation"><span class="tlid-translation translation"><span class="tlid-translation translation"><span class="tlid-translation translation">even though the openSUSE project that is included is very open, it can be seen on github! </span></span>Also they're waiting until the last seconds to submit the proposal. You should prepare as early as possible, do PR if you see an opportunity for improvement, make it as exercise and warm up while showing your abilities to the mentor, and at the same time preparing your proposal. Well, some of them did a good job but the selection process sometimes is way too hard.<br /><br />For GSoC in 2019, let's try again, there's still a chance, although from what I heard it is not sure yet that openSUSE will participate in GSoC in 2019</span></span><span class="tlid-translation translation"><span class="tlid-translation translation">. There are already 2 students who expressed their desire to participate. Prepare yourself from now on. For others if you are interested, stay tuned!</span></span><br />
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<span class="tlid-translation translation"><span class="tlid-translation translation">Thank you openSUSE Indonesia community for remarkably year 2018. Hopefully in 2019 many new young people will come and join to contribute to openSUSE, disseminate the use of FOSS and spread goodness to others.</span></span><br />
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<span class="tlid-translation translation"><span class="tlid-translation translation">Have a lot of fun! </span> </span>M. Edwin Zakariahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16030000917025038396noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6986155956525736502.post-78168258032708213302018-04-01T17:35:00.000+07:002018-04-01T17:45:35.121+07:00LibreOffice Conference Indonesia 2018In early 2018 I got a news from community that LibreOffice Indonesian Community will held a conference in Electronic Engineering Polytechnic Institute of Surabaya (EEPIS) on March 23-25, 2018. I discussed with some member of openSUSE Indonesia community and we're willing to give our hands and also to open openSUSE booth on that event. I sent the proposal to Douglas De Maio from openSUSE and he agree to give some donation for the event.<br />
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On March 1st, I received some marketing material from openSUSE that we can put on our booth and distribute to the conference participant. Thanks openSUSE! <br />
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<a href="http://libreoffice.id/" target="_blank">LibreOffice Conference Indonesia (LOCI) 2018</a> is the first LibreOffice Conference in Indonesia so as a user of Libre Office since a long time I'm so excited to attend this conference.<br />
On early morning March 23, 2018 I took the flight flying through the golden hour to Surabaya. It was still 6.00 o'clock in the morning and I'm very surprised that <a href="https://www.facebook.com/darianrizal" target="_blank">Darian</a>, the local committee of LOCI 2018, show up in the Juanda Surabaya Airport to pick me up and take me to the venue. Thanks Darian.<br />
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The day 0 is workshop day, it is <a href="http://andika-lives-here.blogspot.co.id/2018/03/konferensi-lagi.html" target="_blank">Andika Triwidada stage</a>. I didn't do much on this day except meeting with the EEPIS officials together with some friends from LibreOffice Community and KLAS (Linux User Group of Surabaya City). There were Noor Azam from KLAS, Franklin Weng and Eric Sun from TDF, Ahmad Haris from LibreOfficeID, Andika Triwidada as LibreOffice and Gnome Indonesia translator coordinator, Iwan Tahari from Sepatu Fans, Estu from BlankOn and myself.<br />
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On the night of Day 0, local committee invite us for a dinner. We have a good moment, discussed with the community and also with my long time friend Franklin Weng and Eric Sun, TDF member from Taiwan. The dinner was so delicious. Thanks to LibreOfficeID.<br />
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On day 1, the LOCI2018 was officially started. After EEPIS Director open the conference, <a href="https://www.facebook.com/franklin.weng.3" target="_blank">Franklin Weng</a> go to the stage and talk about "How to promote ODF/LibreOffice -- What We Have Done in Taiwan". Pak <a href="https://www.facebook.com/riki.gunawan" target="_blank">Riki Arif Gunawan</a> from Indonesian Ministry of Communication and Informatics talk about "Digital Signature" after Frank.<br />
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On the rest of the day I mainly on openSUSE booth explaining about openSUSE and distributing all of our stickers, magazine and anything else we can give :-) I should thanks our openSUSE Indonesia Community especially <a href="https://www.facebook.com/didiet.a.pambudiono" target="_blank">Didiet</a>, <a href="https://www.facebook.com/mdhenandi" target="_blank">Dhenandi</a> and <a href="https://www.facebook.com/cho2mlhc" target="_blank">Kukuh Syafaat</a> that help me to manage our booth. It was very crowded, hundred people visit us and we run out of our goodies :-)<br />
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The day 1 is closing by another delicious dinner sponsor by LibreOfficeID<br />
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The day 2 is opening by <a href="https://www.facebook.com/mnalazam" target="_blank">Noor Azam</a> as keynote speaker from KLAS talking about "The Importance of Open Standards Data". It follows by another keynote speaker, <a href="https://twitter.com/italovignoli" target="_blank">Italo Vignoli</a> with paper about "LibreOffice 6.0 - Positioning and Main Features". After that as I did in day 1, I mainly in openSUSE booth answering question about openSUSE and distributing our goodies :-)<br />
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This conference was really an enjoyable moment. Not only that it introduce LibreOffice for student at EEPIS but also to give more knowledge for young generation about an open source movement that already mature in the world. This event is also used by open source activist in Indonesia to meet face-to-face and to know and get better understanding for each other.<br />
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You can see more photos from the <a href="https://www.flickr.com/groups/3951337@N22/" target="_blank">flickr</a> so that you can feel the vibe of the event :-)<br />
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Finally, thanks openSUSE, openSUSE-ID, LibreOffice and LibreOfficeID for everything.<br />
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Have a lot of fun!<br />
<br />M. Edwin Zakariahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16030000917025038396noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6986155956525736502.post-54446505405473018952017-11-01T19:01:00.000+07:002017-11-02T14:52:20.307+07:00openSUSE.Asia Summit 2017openSUSE.Asia Summit 2017 was held at University of Electro Communication (UEC) Chofu Tokyo on October 20-22, 2017. Japan is an advance developed country. Tokyo is a big city that can be compared with other major big cities in the world. While it is not the first time for me to go to Tokyo, I was so excited when the committee approved my talk, and openSUSE, as always, give me TSP to come to the event.<br />
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During the preparation we have online meeting every week since February 15, 2017. I was so happy to help the preparation of this yearly openSUSE Summit for Asia Region. Indonesia community also contribute to provide the online voting for the logo contest this year through the <a href="https://vote.opensuse-asia.org/" target="_blank">voting site</a>. <br />
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On the midnight on October 17, 2017 together with my friend <a href="https://www.facebook.com/tuanpembual" target="_blank">Estu Fardani</a>, I went to Tokyo.<br />
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It was 7 hours long flight. While almost half of the flight was so bumpy because the initiation of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Typhoon_Lan" target="_blank">Lan Cyclone</a>, in the morning of October 18, 2017 I enjoyed the clear sky with the golden hour in Japan air around Okinawa prefecture.<br />
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After the good landing on Haneda Airport, I passed the immigration gate. What a surprise that my friend, Takeyama san already waiting us in the arrival gate with the openSUSE.Asia Summit 2017 flag on his hand. That was an enjoyable moment. Arigatou Takeyama san.<br />
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To make it short, well a lot of story to be written event that I just arrive in Haneda, I bought the Pasmo Card which is a must for every foreigner in Tokyo. After that I setup the Hongkong 3G/4G card which I bought cheap on the Internet and roaming auto-magically to the Japan Softbank network. Now we ready to experience the complicated yet superior Tokyo train and it's station :-)<br />
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On 7 PM October 20 night, Takeyama san and Japan local committee invite all of speakers to UEC. They organized a special welcoming party. I was so glad that I met with Richard, Ludwig, Ana, Andreas, Takeyama, Hato-chan, Ogasawara, Sunny, Zhao Qiang, Max Lin, Ben Chou and many others from local committee and libreoffice japan. 11 from 12 Indonesian speakers attended this welcome party, me, Yan, Andi, Tonny, Kukuh, Estu, Moko, Saputro, Dhenandi, Alin, Umul. Only Sendy did not attend on that occasion. Anyway, thanks to all of you.<br />
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On October 21, the first day of the summit started on 9.30 AM. There is an opening speech by Takeyama san from the local committee. It follows by Richard Brown, chairman of openSUSE Board with his keynote speech "openSUSE - A Reintroduction"<br />
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The first day complete schedule can be seen from <a href="https://events.opensuse.org/conference/summitasia17/schedule#2017-10-21" target="_blank">OSEM</a>. <br />
I follow almost all the class on Main Room, except from 13:30 - 14:30 I follow Alcho class on workshop place.<br />
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My schedule is at the end of the day 1 on Main Room. It is a very challenging presentation because almost all of us is already exhausted and tired. At 5.15 PM I stand in the Main Room to give my <a href="https://events.opensuse.org/conference/summitasia17/program/proposal/1572" target="_blank">presentation</a>.<br />
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After day 1 finish, the friendly local committee ask all the participants to have a dinner. Thanks to Japan Team that provide halal food for us, you're all very kind! We eat so much until around 9 PM :-) and went back to our hotel after that.<br />
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The day 2 start at around 9.30 AM. Beside me and <a href="https://events.opensuse.org/conference/summitasia17/program/proposal/1520" target="_blank">Dhenandi</a>, who had the presentation on day 1, almost all Indonesian speakers will give the <a href="https://events.opensuse.org/conference/summitasia17/schedule#2017-10-22" target="_blank">presentation on day 2</a>. It was very difficult to choose which class I should follow because the speakers and materials are all awesome!<br />
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Actually my personal target to encourage many Indonesia young speakers to come to this Summit is to give them the opportunity to meet and have the conversations with other openSUSE contributors from all over the world directly face to face. Hopefully it can increase their confidence and in the end they can also become the better contributor in the future. They are not perfect and even one of the fellow speaker said that Indonesian-English is one of the worst English in the world :-) . I have to admit that English of my fellow Indonesian speakers are not good, I know. Nevertheless, I'm really proud of them, they can handle the language barriers and not being trapped by the inferior complex :-)<br />
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Ah we also did not forget to take a group photo<br />
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Takeyama san and local committee had been so kind to us to make a one-day tour after the summit. On Monday October 23, we had a great time visiting Asakusa temple, Skytree and Akihabara.<br />
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openSUSE.Asia Summit 2017 was a wonderful experience for me. Thank you openSUSE, SUSE, our lovely communities, and Japan local committee. See you next year for the openSUSE.Asia Summit 2018.<br />
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Flickr photo of the summit can be seen on:<br />
[1] <a href="https://flic.kr/s/aHskqrNLxW" target="_blank">my flickr photo album</a><br />
[2] <a href="https://www.flickr.com/groups/3727654@N21/" target="_blank">openSUSE.Asia Summit 2017 flickr group album</a> M. Edwin Zakariahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16030000917025038396noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6986155956525736502.post-33210086313429858832017-04-04T20:26:00.004+07:002017-04-05T13:47:32.195+07:00FOSSASIA 2017It's been a while since last time I wrote to this blog. I've been busy with my work and don't have time to make a notes here. However there are some posts I write for openSUSE Indonesia, you can go this <a href="https://opensuse.id/" target="_blank">link</a> if you will.<br />
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On January 12, Douglas DeMaio from openSUSE contact me if I have time to go to FOSSASIA 2017 schedule in Singapore on 17-19 March. I checked my calendar and the date was available for me. So I reply his email and said I will go there to represent openSUSE at booth.<br />
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openSUSE become Silver sponsor for FOSSASIA 2017, and also have 2 talks by my colleagues <a href="https://www.facebook.com/chingpanglin" target="_blank">Gary Lin</a> from SUSE Labs Taipei and <a href="https://www.facebook.com/zhaoqiangbj" target="_blank">Zhao Qiang</a> from SUSE Beijing on Day 2. I (only) became a booth-person this time :-)<br />
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Doug sent me some stickers to bring to the crowd which consists of:<br />
94 webcam covers<br />
128 Tumbleweed stickers<br />
108 Leap stickers<br />
213 openSUSE stickers<br />
174 OBS stickers<br />
175 Portus stickers<br />
116 Alex the Geeko stickers<br />
56 small black Geeko stickers<br />
78 power by openSUSE stickers<br />
30 openSUSE pamphlets<br />
5 SUSE Jobs fliers <br />
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I prepared 3 standing banners for this occasion.<br />
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On March 16, 2017 afternoon I went to Singapore from my home in Jakarta Indonesia<br />
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On Friday March 17, 2017 I came to the Science Centre on Jurong East. It was still in early morning when I got there around 8 AM. Geographically Singapore with longitude 103.6 located in the west of my home town in Jakarta on longitude 106.8. But their time is 1 hour earlier. They should use UTC +7. Maybe they use the special time zone because they want to getup early :-)</div>
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I accompanied by <a href="https://www.facebook.com/tuanpembual" target="_blank">Estu Fardani</a>
from Yogyakarta, Indonesia. He is one of the speaker for FOSSASIA 2017
but also an openSUSE Indonesia Community member. Thanks to him for his help on
preparing openSUSE booth. </div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj0qk9Z13mbsp6vTEbJ75_i4-MlcMOOJ5LBSsMsAkdxmdPZG9h7XCLWUJHhXy6EdSaxBwxlfY-6USEdqJmgpWCUZzy39pw2C5b_cKx1DYiSklfFbpsweQEv07-5oRpb2gHyaNSH0YqGaGQ9/s1600/IMG_20170317_091216.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj0qk9Z13mbsp6vTEbJ75_i4-MlcMOOJ5LBSsMsAkdxmdPZG9h7XCLWUJHhXy6EdSaxBwxlfY-6USEdqJmgpWCUZzy39pw2C5b_cKx1DYiSklfFbpsweQEv07-5oRpb2gHyaNSH0YqGaGQ9/s320/IMG_20170317_091216.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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Below are some pictures from the day 1<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEijjImjJJnAhtE3qzsmTWqi3c1tWZT5G93ePB7FQ1agfqPIqGdF4nnqdMFHp9GBoMr03zn3FIiGzKBkh8Z5ORIp3MsS2pq6aSFdkYyCImVEp_Ngln32DEMCZwD4RpTafv7NSnye1uCxWFPj/s1600/2017-03-17+10.41.46.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="180" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEijjImjJJnAhtE3qzsmTWqi3c1tWZT5G93ePB7FQ1agfqPIqGdF4nnqdMFHp9GBoMr03zn3FIiGzKBkh8Z5ORIp3MsS2pq6aSFdkYyCImVEp_Ngln32DEMCZwD4RpTafv7NSnye1uCxWFPj/s320/2017-03-17+10.41.46.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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openSUSE team at FOSSASIA17: qiang, gary, edwin</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg3PzQbcI8CQOJQsxfloPCEIl3wSJG_EHTXsxEybXvVzBTR9iWbQhwxplSJiEmE3YKZgqG_BD9EtG-X5HFOvlxRXlcG-qEkZiMYzJt6oFWOuVdAWCIWakTzmBqwcGEc92YDWeZd_VPmWZyh/s1600/IMG_20170317_171906.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg3PzQbcI8CQOJQsxfloPCEIl3wSJG_EHTXsxEybXvVzBTR9iWbQhwxplSJiEmE3YKZgqG_BD9EtG-X5HFOvlxRXlcG-qEkZiMYzJt6oFWOuVdAWCIWakTzmBqwcGEc92YDWeZd_VPmWZyh/s320/IMG_20170317_171906.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhCGz5IkYPmffj-wyt1dW97rES8gYcIFOZdRJ50lIsK1u9ic8VjhkebCjennCm4I1M80sFQM5VkFle59AVx9Nmcxk9cOtVB20tpENZ8OK4Ot8Hv7dNYWruAYTuJlCzzGStWLi4fCRTFqlRS/s1600/2017-03-17+16.57.32.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhCGz5IkYPmffj-wyt1dW97rES8gYcIFOZdRJ50lIsK1u9ic8VjhkebCjennCm4I1M80sFQM5VkFle59AVx9Nmcxk9cOtVB20tpENZ8OK4Ot8Hv7dNYWruAYTuJlCzzGStWLi4fCRTFqlRS/s320/2017-03-17+16.57.32.jpg" width="180" /></a></div>
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How to deal with BSD priest :-D</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh2QFBFuPpbf_dybkUSeweNjt2xfZXd9j1Wm0U_uZHToUg84YruKGC4c6n8lEvjFXiQRDbnvHRP_PAEREu_A3M5AuYRjYL-EEGpMNYxMS9f0s-YQ8yzZ07C5yM6myfk4wrDOfwpl9hh_cHc/s1600/33164377810_9b49af3bf4_o.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh2QFBFuPpbf_dybkUSeweNjt2xfZXd9j1Wm0U_uZHToUg84YruKGC4c6n8lEvjFXiQRDbnvHRP_PAEREu_A3M5AuYRjYL-EEGpMNYxMS9f0s-YQ8yzZ07C5yM6myfk4wrDOfwpl9hh_cHc/s320/33164377810_9b49af3bf4_o.jpg" width="240" /></a></div>
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Could you use BSD?</div>
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There are a lot of interesting talks on this event. I want to follow several talks, but I understand this time my duty was to stand for the booth so I should fulfill the obligation first. There was a great talk from Frank Karlitschek (Nextcloud) on the day 1 that I couldn't help to follow :-)</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhy2HnK_3w0kfnxgqm-BD1CIW6T2PK9hG3tymAJb2gQiMcccPAPHWcv8M1mbtGvP6ALRO-BTXRHGQ5P3r7n63GaCSZ0cwqw-ETTId9u5bowTAZIPBKRVlY92WYJoxNMJXia-48b35tsIKpc/s1600/IMG_20170317_144320_HDR.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhy2HnK_3w0kfnxgqm-BD1CIW6T2PK9hG3tymAJb2gQiMcccPAPHWcv8M1mbtGvP6ALRO-BTXRHGQ5P3r7n63GaCSZ0cwqw-ETTId9u5bowTAZIPBKRVlY92WYJoxNMJXia-48b35tsIKpc/s320/IMG_20170317_144320_HDR.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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On day 2, we should move the booth to another room. I was a bit late and arrived about 8.50. The event will start on 9.00 so I prepare everything in a hurry. I didn't realize that I put the table cloth up-side down until the Mozilla guys in front of us told me that. It was still early and no visitor came so I can easily re-arrange the booth :-D</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiRcbSrKzo0uZUgxAbfetM_06wCp-A9SMxqfrRX6NEVhn2O3FS5nsdSNKYZYbZ2O07G01vmaqbZwHAfeuGmEQ274XzXqoLafLO_Qa26lU80IJMUf8EolwmC5PZEYhjMFOyupl6v5JKe6HmK/s1600/IMG_20170318_095051.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiRcbSrKzo0uZUgxAbfetM_06wCp-A9SMxqfrRX6NEVhn2O3FS5nsdSNKYZYbZ2O07G01vmaqbZwHAfeuGmEQ274XzXqoLafLO_Qa26lU80IJMUf8EolwmC5PZEYhjMFOyupl6v5JKe6HmK/s320/IMG_20170318_095051.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi8KGuzGWOCzWhDkIidHH9rWrMW-BX-rGeIk3R4CJmraTEKgE9NJBrpKNyiO9__e051LIgkWUDPQd63A15LxX65tOzBWnbzWEaVp1LJa8viBciY6rLebmEiGK0ByGrIR14awIE4fRK7IxLE/s1600/33438183201_9ca820b4e4_o.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi8KGuzGWOCzWhDkIidHH9rWrMW-BX-rGeIk3R4CJmraTEKgE9NJBrpKNyiO9__e051LIgkWUDPQd63A15LxX65tOzBWnbzWEaVp1LJa8viBciY6rLebmEiGK0ByGrIR14awIE4fRK7IxLE/s320/33438183201_9ca820b4e4_o.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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On that day, the conference is a bit confusing for me. It was mainly because of the venue. Instead of using one big room as we did on day 1, the committee select the room inside the Science Centre for the exhibition. That was on Saturday and there were many kids and their family visiting the Science Centre. They mix with the FOSSASIA participants. I wasn't prepare with this condition even though it was fun yet confusing. </div>
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During the event there are many people came to our booth, some of the questions raised when visitor came to our booth are:</div>
<ul>
<li>What is the different between openSUSE and other distribution, what is the advantages?</li>
<li>What is the different between Leap and Tumbleweed?</li>
<li>Is openSUSE still alive? :-)</li>
<li>Is there any development tools included on openSUSE?</li>
<li>Is there any live usb image for openSUSE?</li>
<li>Could you give me that geeko toy/doll?</li>
<li>Do you still have the laptop camera cover?</li>
<li>Do you still have that Alex the geeko stickers?</li>
<li>Could you use BSD? .... What?</li>
<li>Is there any tools for CAD or design included in distribution?</li>
<li>What is open build service?</li>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiQp4SwJsy2nOOzcMrSZF7u9PLUJm9EdriInWsrbOgYn2ZHnAxaAOhbomg6HwaH1LZdGlhElWyl9kjohy9M1p0vW1JtfGYAJIZ-T0rJWtra34weVxVqpToxrTWBtrKbZw89tvKnS4N1MfDk/s1600/IMG_20170317_103827_HHT.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiQp4SwJsy2nOOzcMrSZF7u9PLUJm9EdriInWsrbOgYn2ZHnAxaAOhbomg6HwaH1LZdGlhElWyl9kjohy9M1p0vW1JtfGYAJIZ-T0rJWtra34weVxVqpToxrTWBtrKbZw89tvKnS4N1MfDk/s320/IMG_20170317_103827_HHT.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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Actually I prepare a small application to record their comment and twit
it directly through <a href="https://twitter.com/opensuseid" target="_blank">opensuseid</a> account on twitter. But this plan didn't
run well :-(<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiRu82ti1HUFG-SZib-Yk8T_gKoJMBQ8zxlevcHzj2og00cVC6UxGBZuIh2cx2X9-DPMDTOAbsmk8pLpUmEsOSun-YZYHSLQTlGD13FeIe670kb0-wAlOWu-8mX3D4yoqztw-TCXfsNIkZt/s1600/IMG_20170317_091243.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiRu82ti1HUFG-SZib-Yk8T_gKoJMBQ8zxlevcHzj2og00cVC6UxGBZuIh2cx2X9-DPMDTOAbsmk8pLpUmEsOSun-YZYHSLQTlGD13FeIe670kb0-wAlOWu-8mX3D4yoqztw-TCXfsNIkZt/s320/IMG_20170317_091243.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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<a href="https://twitter.com/openSUSEID/status/842637717083045889/photo/1" target="_blank"><img alt="https://twitter.com/openSUSEID" border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhx5Qx9LEpzVO0lJ9Nso6W1mc6O1jUbgNgWToU-lF-iub17RXjjyRsFTQ5aaVS4tBdQJPuvsLP0VMNWC_zR5xIgqt0kN5syG4P_GdPhOGtgBos5hPVZCtSEMmnn5CgA3b0KQSr2DKXjVnUZ/s320/opensuseid-twit.png" width="275" /></a></div>
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On the day 3 our booth run out of the stickers and goodies, nothing left. It was intentional so I don't have to bring anything back to my home.</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjZzG0oqX6F9Wu_r8gsjEqMtBaQdqNp1ZSHx8ADrEuQLIbFvQYyLJbv7mTCBSJEJIp52wNEWoZJVhDz2nwvcZulzTR7aRGFCNiR4bVXWlIMBH2EkhttndhrRCoGnh41-JBPafcGQIwNTSGU/s1600/32752575483_4928dd02f8_o.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjZzG0oqX6F9Wu_r8gsjEqMtBaQdqNp1ZSHx8ADrEuQLIbFvQYyLJbv7mTCBSJEJIp52wNEWoZJVhDz2nwvcZulzTR7aRGFCNiR4bVXWlIMBH2EkhttndhrRCoGnh41-JBPafcGQIwNTSGU/s320/32752575483_4928dd02f8_o.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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At 3 PM Singapore I tidy up the booth. My flight would be on 8 PM so I still have time to catch up. Good bye Singapore and FOSSASIA2017. See you again.</div>
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The list of talks during FOSSASIA2017 can be seen on this <a href="http://2017.fossasia.org/tracks.html" target="_blank">link</a>.</div>
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Some of photographs during the event can be seen on my <a href="https://flic.kr/s/aHskRjRw9X" target="_blank">flickr</a>. </div>
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Thanks openSUSE for giving me TSP for this event.</div>
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<br />M. Edwin Zakariahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16030000917025038396noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6986155956525736502.post-34768510419971182152016-10-10T23:31:00.001+07:002016-10-11T13:11:47.206+07:00openSUSE.Asia Summit 2016 - Note from a backstage participantAfter openSUSE.Asia Summit 2015 we prepare the 3rd openSUSE.Asia Summit. I discussed with Estu and Utian who accompany me to Taipei last year that 2016 Asia summit should be in Indonesia. We prepare the proposal and submitted to openSUSE.Asia Committee which I become one of them too. Asia committee received the proposal from openSUSE Indonesia Community who willing to conduct the events in Yogyakarta Indonesia in October 2016. After several discussion, we submitted the proposal to openSUSE Board.<br />
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Board finally agree to our proposal and decided that <a href="https://events.opensuse.org/conference/summitasia16" target="_blank">openSUSE.Asia Summit 2016</a> will be hosted by openSUSE Indonesia Community in Yogyakarta Indonesia [1]. Alcho, a SUSE engineer from Taipei, one of openSUSE.Asia Committee announce it also during his presentation on openSUSE Conference in Nuremberg in June 2016. <br />
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We basically only have 3-4 months to prepare such a big event. I'm lucky that I have colleagues that I can work with. I should thank <a href="https://tuanpembual.wordpress.com/about/" target="_blank">Estu Fardani</a>, as the local team committee leader, <a href="http://www.yanrf.com/about/" target="_blank">Yan Arief</a> who did the good job from administration to treasurer, and <a href="https://www.facebook.com/rocker.kagol" target="_blank">Chairrizal</a> for preparing any equipments and documentation. I also should mention <a href="http://blog.kukuh.syafaat.id/about/" target="_blank">Kukuh Syafaat</a>, almost all the artwork in this event was made by him. Together with <a href="https://www.facebook.com/SiskaRestu" target="_blank">Siska</a> and <a href="https://www.facebook.com/ndy.aditya" target="_blank">Sendy</a>, two other young people from Yogyakarta, we can start the preparation of the event.<br />
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While almost all the local team live in Yogyakarta, I (and Kukuh) live in Jakarta, around 500 km from Yogyakarta. Countless online conversation and discussion was conducted during the preparation. I also visited Yogyakarta every end of month in the last 3 months to meet with the local committee. July, August and September are the busy months for us.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg39iTHBWB7TJ5r0-PnCgv-uCxV9LFVlNsXtG3A-m8FHV3M9HzZMgH_Ti5lvcdtsvDgIqVRtxS7kg4Dnr50PG1aWisEhENjaf4SLjObWhCV1MiFsIGry_kPZBQjhRdGrQ-BItMORfIZW4Ui/s1600/IMG_3724.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg39iTHBWB7TJ5r0-PnCgv-uCxV9LFVlNsXtG3A-m8FHV3M9HzZMgH_Ti5lvcdtsvDgIqVRtxS7kg4Dnr50PG1aWisEhENjaf4SLjObWhCV1MiFsIGry_kPZBQjhRdGrQ-BItMORfIZW4Ui/s320/IMG_3724.JPG" width="320" /></a></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh1Y7tiTEsK9Oarzoe87n098yVVFnYLixjP1z4An9CjFambxfaeUTKNsgAF_1SVSoUyaRCHlg5xClkeMz3ZHKUn53EN419gNCxceNeI1nhGKzXbq0lSNoQX6c2thL-QS1rcpKd2cQ7XxaHm/s1600/IMG_3728_v1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh1Y7tiTEsK9Oarzoe87n098yVVFnYLixjP1z4An9CjFambxfaeUTKNsgAF_1SVSoUyaRCHlg5xClkeMz3ZHKUn53EN419gNCxceNeI1nhGKzXbq0lSNoQX6c2thL-QS1rcpKd2cQ7XxaHm/s320/IMG_3728_v1.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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I want to thanks to all the sponsor of openSUSE.Asia Summit 2016 <a href="https://www.opensuse.org/" target="_blank">openSUSE</a>, <a href="https://www.suse.com/" target="_blank">SUSE</a>, <a href="http://www.bekraf.go.id/" target="_blank">Bekraf</a>, <a href="http://uin-suka.ac.id/" target="_blank">UIN Sunan Kalijaga</a>, <a href="https://kominfo.go.id/" target="_blank">Kominfo</a>, <a href="http://sepatu.fans.co.id/" target="_blank">Fans</a>, <a href="http://www.excellent.co.id/" target="_blank">Excellent</a>,<a href="http://www.biznetnetworks.com/id/" target="_blank">Biznet</a>, <a href="http://www.cloudkilat.com/" target="_blank">Cloudkilat</a>, <a href="http://www.qwords.com/" target="_blank">Qwords</a>, <a href="https://ngonoo.com/" target="_blank">Ngonoo</a>, <a href="http://ksl-u.in/" target="_blank">KSL Kusuka</a>, and off course all the <a href="https://opensuse.id/" target="_blank">openSUSE Indonesia Community</a>.<br />
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I leave Jakarta on September 29, 2016 because I want to make sure that everything is ok. Also I promise <a href="https://twitter.com/sakanamax" target="_blank">Sakana Max</a> that I will meet him on Yogyakarta Airport.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjMIyieH3plCAqf0RIx4NCZpIJvjapCielsCsE58t_ycMnOZrF3NYDYT1sAurmEc3XG-syQNMn49LH_pC2GBrxWnOxCqc5B8rxGsa6z5IZiguYKDWei6s_ogHM6x0NKdHB-TVkclXo6ONhD/s1600/Cte9C7KVYAABrF.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="179" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjMIyieH3plCAqf0RIx4NCZpIJvjapCielsCsE58t_ycMnOZrF3NYDYT1sAurmEc3XG-syQNMn49LH_pC2GBrxWnOxCqc5B8rxGsa6z5IZiguYKDWei6s_ogHM6x0NKdHB-TVkclXo6ONhD/s320/Cte9C7KVYAABrF.jpeg" width="320" /></a></div>
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The summit start with workshop on September 30. Around 40 people follow this workshop since morning. The session was closed around 5 PM<br />
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The 1st day of openSUSE.Asia Summit 2016 was really a big surprise for everyone. Total attendee around 500 which make it the biggest openSUSE.Asia Summit we ever conduct.<br />
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(Photo by Fuminobu Takeyama)</div>
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Summit was open by UIN Faculty member and follow by 2 keynote. I have my workshop "High Availability Cluster with openSUSE Leap" [2] after the lunch. My class is follow by around 50 people and they look enthusiast with the topic.<br />
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My workshop<br />
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Photo group in the day 1<br />
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In the day 2, October 2nd 2016, the participant still enthusiast with the events. We have 2 keynote speakers, 2 workshop and several class. I follow several class by SUSE Taipei Engineer in this day. The event closed at around 5 PM and I should say that it is a big success.<br />
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Photo group in the day 2<br />
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We got a lot of help from everyone in the community during the preparation of openSUSE.Asia Summit 2016, so allow me to express my thanks to:<br />
1. openSUSE Board<br />
2. Andrew Wafaa<br />
3. Douglas DeMaio<br />
4. Manu Gupta <br />
5. Sunny, Coli, Yifan, Qiang from SUSE Beijing<br />
6. Joey Lee, Gary Lin, Max Lin, Ben Chou, Jeffrey, Alcho from SUSE Taipei<br />
7. "Sakana" Max Huang from openSUSE TW community<br />
8. Dr. Takeyama, Hatori san, Omo san from openSUSE JP community <br />
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A big thanks should be addressed also to the local volunteer, most of them are student from UIN Suka, the university that we host the event. Without them openSUSE.Asia Summit 2016 won't be succeed.<br />
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(All the good people, big thanks to you all!)</div>
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[1] <a href="https://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-project/2016-05/msg00022.html" target="_blank">https://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-project/2016-05/msg00022.html </a><br />
[2] <a href="http://www.slideshare.net/medwinz/ha-cluster-with-opensuse-leap" target="_blank">http://www.slideshare.net/medwinz/ha-cluster-with-opensuse-leap </a><br />
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Flickr photo: <a href="https://www.flickr.com/groups/opensuse-asia-summit-2016/">https://www.flickr.com/groups/opensuse-asia-summit-2016/</a><br />
Youtube: <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A2WPP0_JRPY&list=PLx6VNfLiNpaiUcZyNdbNVuwYuECWkv_m7" target="_blank">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A2WPP0_JRPY&list=PLx6VNfLiNpaiUcZyNdbNVuwYuECWkv_m7 </a><br />
<br />
This list will never be enough, thanks to :<br />
1. <a href="https://ahmadharis.wordpress.com/about-me/" target="_blank">Ahmad Haris</a> and Glib<br />
2. <a href="http://sitidy.blogspot.co.id/" target="_blank">Didiet Pambudiono</a> and KLAS<br />
3. Everyone that help us to make this event happens<br />
4. All the participants<br />
You're all cool & rocks!!<br />
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See you next year! M. Edwin Zakariahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16030000917025038396noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6986155956525736502.post-50921851446373043772015-12-30T21:29:00.001+07:002015-12-31T11:35:32.914+07:00My Trip to openSUSE.Asia Summit 2015<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: justify;">
I have several good friends from Taiwan including <a href="https://connect.opensuse.org/pg/profile/sakana" target="_blank">Sakana Max</a> and Joey Lee, an active openSUSE members, and also Franklin Weng and Erick that I met during GNOME.Asia Summit 2015 in Depok Indonesia. All of them make me want to visit Taiwan.</div>
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In the end of July 2015 Joey Lee sent me an email to involve in <a href="https://events.opensuse.org/conference/summitasia15" target="_blank">openSUSE.Asia Summit 2015</a> that will be held in Taipei on December 2015. Thanks Joey!</div>
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Since then I follow the IRC meeting several times, and knows many great openSUSE people from Taiwan, China and Japan. Al Cho was the busiest guy for the Summit, you did a great job! Finally on October 21, I got an email said that my presentation for the summit was accepted. The committee also accepted the proposal from 2 others openSUSE users from Indonesia, <a href="http://utian.azoebs.com/" target="_blank">Utian</a> and <a href="https://tuanpembual.wordpress.com/" target="_blank">Estu</a>.</div>
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I apply for Travel Support Program (TSP). It is the first time for me and I was really amazed by the application system and off course the team behind openSUSE TSP. On November 23, openSUSE accepted my TSP application. Thanks openSUSE, Izabel and team!</div>
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I prepare for Taiwan visa, book an airline ticket and hotel. The important thing is my presentation. I have an old presentation for GNOME.Asia Summit 2015 in Depok Indonesia, but I need to add several new information considering that the audience are from many region so it would give a clear understanding about the situation. </div>
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I also make some "<a href="https://www.facebook.com/groups/opensuse.indonesia/permalink/1061664687190809/" target="_blank">noise</a>" about the summit in openSUSE Indonesia Facebook Group. Currently we have around 2900 people in the group and they're very active. FYI we sometimes have giveaway for randomly selected people in the group, it is fun and effective openSUSE marketing! </div>
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On December 3, I went to Taipei. Utian and Estu went there one day earlier than me, but we will stay in same hotel. My flight was 08.30 Jakarta time and it needs around 6,5 hours flight from Jakarta to Taipei but my flight was transit in Hongkong around 3 hours. Around 20.30 Taipei time I arrived in my hotel in Taipei. By the way the temperature was around 14 centigrade and windy so it was a bit cold for me who just arrived from tropical country with temperature around 30 centigrade.</div>
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On December 4 morning, I visited the SUSE Taiwan office along with Estu and Utian. We met with Al Cho, Joey Lee and other SUSE staffs, they were very welcome :-D</div>
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This summit was very special because it was held just several weeks after the release of openSUSE Leap 42.1. The committee made a "Release Party" that held together between openSUSE Taiwan community and Ubuntu Taiwan community. On the night of December 4 I was invited and share the joy with everyone. Great party.</div>
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On December 5, 2015 openSUSE.Asia Summit 2015 was open, and off course there are many DVD and stickers :-D<br />
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<a href="https://connect.opensuse.org/pg/profile/-miska-" target="_blank">Michal Hrusecky</a>, openSUSE Board, give a keynote speech about<a href="https://events.opensuse.org/conference/summitasia15/proposal/756" target="_blank"> what's been going on in openSUSE lately</a>.<br />
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And after the break it was <a href="https://events.opensuse.org/conference/summitasia15/proposal/680" target="_blank">my turn</a>. I put my presentation on <a href="http://www.slideshare.net/medwinz/li-feisitfeasible-55932748" target="_blank">slideshare</a> in case any of you want to read.<br />
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It is a wonderful experience, met with openSUSE users from all over Asia and Europe, discuss about our experience about developing and implementing openSUSE. We have a great community! I really enjoy discuss with everyone. I met personally with <a href="https://connect.opensuse.org/pg/profile/dimstar" target="_blank">Dominic Launberger</a> and <a href="https://connect.opensuse.org/pg/profile/lnussel" target="_blank">Ludwig Nussel</a> from openSUSE release team, thanks to share your knowledge and the chitchat.</div>
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The first day of summit is end up with the dinner. During this occasion I have a great conversation with everyone. Thanks Alex, Sunny, Joey and openSUSE Japan team it was a great conversation.</div>
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On <a href="https://events.opensuse.org/conference/summitasia15/schedule#2015-12-06" target="_blank">December 6</a>, there are many more talks and workshop. Some of them are in Mandarin, I cannot understand but for sure it was great at least by looking to the presentation :-D </div>
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Many things we can learn from this summit, we meet with all openSUSE user from all across Asia, we know from the first place how the development process is, and the most important thing is we know each other so we can continue to communicate after the summit. </div>
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It is an honor for me to attend to this event and hope Indonesia can be the host of the next openSUSE.Asia Summit 2016. See you all next year!<br />
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<br />
Most of photographs are taken from:<br />
<br />
<a href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/vanmalay/">https://www.flickr.com/photos/vanmalay/</a><br />
<a href="https://www.flickr.com/groups/opensuse-asia-summit-2015/">https://www.flickr.com/groups/opensuse-asia-summit-2015/</a><br />
<br />
Thanks to:<br />
Utian Ayuba, Estu Fardani - You both are great travel companion<br />
Al Cho, Joey Lee, openSUSE Taiwan - Thanks for invitation<br />
Sakana Max - You should come next time :-D<br />
Franklin Weng, Erick - You make me always remember that I have friends in Taiwan<br />
Rijal, Rosi, Pak Pur, LC - The video rock!<br />
openSUSE Indonesia Community - Thanks for great support<br />
openSUSE - Thanks for the great distro and TSP :-D <br />
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M. Edwin Zakariahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16030000917025038396noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6986155956525736502.post-40855235017444668542012-11-17T23:59:00.006+07:002012-11-18T23:44:48.685+07:00Mengenang Bapak<div class="_1x1">
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<span class="userContent">Mohammad
Ali Zakaria, bapak saya, guru dan sahabat. Seorang yang sangat
sederhana, perhatian dengan keluarga, dan selalu mengajarkan kepada kami
anak-anaknya untuk belajar dan menuntut ilmu. Bapak lahir di Makale, Tana Toraja, </span><span class="userContent"><span class="userContent">sebuah kota kecil 310 km dari Makassar ibu kota propinsi Sulawesi Selatan, pada</span> 14 September 1937. Beliau lulus SD dan SMP di Makale dan menamatkan SMA nya di Makassar. Bapak menyelesaikan kuliahnya di UI Jakarta. Beliau kemudian bekerja sebagai pegawai negeri di Departemen Kesehatan. Bagi saya bapak adalah </span><span class="userContent">seorang pegawai
negeri yang pejuang.</span></div>
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<span class="userContent">Ketika kecil kami beternak ayam petelur,
sedikit demi sedikit sampai jumlahnya sekitar 500 ekor. Setiap pagi
sebelum ia berangkat kerja dan kami belum berangkat</span> sekolah
ia mengajari kami memberi makan ayam-ayam itu. Dan siangnya sepulang
kerja ia mengajari kami mengambil telurnya. Di awal-awal kami
mengantarkan telur-telur ayam itu ke warung-warung dekat rumah setiap
pulang sekolah, belakangan orang-orang dari warung itu yg mengambilnya.
Uang hasil penjualan telur ini untuk biaya kami sekolah dan membeli
buku selama kami SD.</div>
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Ketika saya kelas 6 SD, bapak menghentikan kegiatan
ini karena saya asthma dan gak sembuh-sembuh. Kata dokter, debu dari
merang alas lantai kandang ayam itu yang memicu asthma saya tidak sembuh. Saya
tanya bapak kalau bapak menghentikan beternak ayam petelur ini nanti
bagaimana kami anak-anaknya bisa beli buku. Dia bilang ibu masih menjahit dan bapak
sudah mulai ada uang lebih yg penting saya sehat. Sejak itu asthma saya
sembuh.</div>
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Bapak mengajarkan saya bermain catur ketika ada pertandingan catur dunia Karpov vs Korchnoi, dia bilang dengan bermain catur kita dilatih untuk
berpikir 5-10 langkah ke depan, itu akan berguna untuk saya nanti. Dia
juga mengajarkan kami berkebun menanam pisang, kelapa, cabai, dan memelihara
anggrek di pekarangan rumah kami. Dia bilang semasa kecilnya berkebun dan bertani adalah pekerjaan anak laki-laki di Toraja ditambah membawa kerbau mandi di sungai Sa'dang dan menunggang kuda.</div>
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Bapak seorang altruistik, ia sangat
memperhatikan saudara-saudaranya, keponakan-keponakannya, teman-temannya di kantor, bahkan
kadang saya bingung karena, ketika kecil kami bukan orang berada
walaupun tidak miskin, dia selalu membantu orang yang kesusahan. Tidak
terhitung jumlahnya baik saudara atau bukan yang tinggal di rumah kami
yang kamarnya hanya 3. Dia bahkan pelan-pelan menambah kamar di rumah
kami bukan hanya untuk kami tapi untuk siapa saja yang datang dan tinggal di
rumah kami.<br />
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Bapak orang yang sangat sederhana, pakaiannya berumur
tahunan dan kalau sobek dia meminta ibu saya untuk memperbaikinya. Mobil
kantornya Land Rover th 69 yang dia pakai 25 tahun tidak mau diganti.
Bapak orang yang sangat tidak perduli dengan hal-hal yang material, dia
tidak punya buku tabungan sampai dia pensiun, itupun karena uang pensiun
harus ditransfer ke rekening bank. Jangan tanya kartu kredit atau
deposito karena dia tidak mengerti. Dia bingung kalau orang bicara
ekonomi, dia bilang semuanya akan lebih baik kalau orang hanya belanja
sesuai dengan apa yang ada di kantongnya.<br />
<br />
Bapak seorang yang sangat
percaya kekuasaan Allah dan taat walaupun dia bukan tipe orang yang
pintar memberi nasehat agama. Jika tidak sakit bapak selalu berusaha
shalat berjamaah ke Masjid terutama shubuh, maghrib dan isya. Bapak
seorang yang hangat, orang akan merasa kehilangan jika ia tidak datang
ke masjid, ke warung korannya Mughni di dekat rumah atau jalan pagi di
sekitar taman komplek.</div>
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Di akhir-akhir hidupnya dari 5 bersaudara sayalah
anaknya yang paling dekat. Pekerjaan kakak saya mengharuskan dia
keliling dunia dan Indonesia. Adik saya sejak 2001 bekerja untuk Airbus di
Augsburg Jerman. Adik saya yang lain seorang dokter yang sedang pendidikan
spesialis di RSCM dan kerjanya menuntut dia untuk selalu di RS. Adik
saya yang paling kecil seorang dokter juga dan bertugas di Makassar.</div>
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Saya
adalah teman ngobrol bapak, dia selalu menceritakan apa yang ada dalam
pikirannya ke saya setiap pagi dan malam. Dia sangat terbuka kepada saya dan
saya tahu dia bahagia dengan kondisi itu. Dia bangga dengan kakak saya
seorang insinyur elektro yang kerjanya keliling dunia dan Indonesia. Dia
sangat bangga dengan adik saya seorang engineer desainer pesawat di
Airbus, dia juga sangat bangga dengan adik saya yang akan jadi dokter
spesialis anak dan dokter spesialis penyakit dalam. Tapi walaupun dia
tidak pernah bilang bahwa dia bangga dengan saya, saya tahu dia
menganggap saya adalah anak yang paling bisa diandalkan. Perasaan yang
tidak bisa diungkapkan dengan kata-kata. </div>
<div class="text_exposed_root text_exposed" id="id_50a7b1f0d18357666112943">
</div>
<div class="text_exposed_root text_exposed" id="id_50a7b1f0d18357666112943">
<br />
Bapak mengajarkan saya untuk
menjadi orang yang siap membantu siapa saja tanpa pamrih, mengajarkan
saya menjadi orang yang sederhana dan menyayangi keluarga.</div>
<div class="text_exposed_root text_exposed" id="id_50a7b1f0d18357666112943">
</div>
<div class="text_exposed_root text_exposed" id="id_50a7b1f0d18357666112943">
<br />
Bapak pernah
bilang, kalau dia bisa meminta cara untuk mati, maka dia ingin
dipanggil oleh Allah dengan cara yang mulia dan tidak merepotkan orang
lain. Allah mengabulkan doanya. Jum'at 16 November 2012 / 2 Muharram
1434H di Jakarta Allah memanggilnya dan dengan wajah tersenyum Bapak menyambutnya.
Bahkan pohon-pohon dan tanaman kesayangannya di samping rumah malam ini
rebah untuk menghormatinya. Selamat jalan pak, saya tahu Bapak bahagia
di tempat yang terbaik. <i>Innalillaahii wa inna ilaihi rojiun.</i></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
M. Edwin Zakariahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16030000917025038396noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6986155956525736502.post-54641318034225685522012-10-27T23:27:00.003+07:002012-10-27T23:31:14.075+07:00Heartbeat dan DRBDDalam sebuah implementasi saya harus mengganti implementasi vrrpd (virtual router redundancy protocol) dengan heartbeat+drbd disebabkan adanya penambahan database dalam server yang digunakan. Service awal pada mesin ini hanyalah web server statis, named dan dhcpd yang relatif statis dan file-filenya saya sinkronisasi dengan rsync. Tetapi dengan adanya penambahan database (mysql) dibutuhkan sebuah mekanisme dimana data yang disimpan dalam satu mesin primary dapat secara langsung ditulis juga ke mesin backup. Untuk hal yang terakhir ini vrrpd saja tidak mencukupi karenanya saya harus mengganti vrrpd dengan heartbeat (baca hartbit, bukan hertbet :-) )sedangkan untuk menjamin mekanisme clusternya saya menggunakan drbd.<br />
<br />
Implementasi heartbeat saja sangatlah mudah. Cukup mendownload, mengkompilasi dan mengkonfigurasi tiga buah file /etc/ha.d/ha.cf, /etc/ha.d/authkeys dan /etc/ha.d/haresources. Untuk drbd bisa download tarball dan jangan lupa untuk membaca dokumentasinya, karena drbd harus dikompilasi dengan kernel source secara baik, kalau tidak anda dapat menemui kesulitan dalam mem-probe modul drbd. Pada server ini saya menggunakan openSUSE 11.1 sehingga hidup jadi lebih mudah, tinggal gunakan 1-click install untuk heartbeat, drbd kernel module dan drbd user space, atau bisa juga dengan mengaktifkan repositori http://download.opensuse.org/repositories/server:/ha-clustering/<br />
<br />
<b>Konfigurasi Heartbeat</b><br />
<br />
Pastikan anda menggunakan dua buah server untuk high availability cluster. Kalau hanya punya satu ya tidak perlu heartbeat dan drbd :-). Untuk penggunaan lebih dari 2 buah server sebaiknya menggunakan pacemaker dan openAIS karena dapat melakukan N-to-N atau N+1 cluster sampai jumlah yang teorithically tidak terbatas. Tetapi saya tidak akan menjelaskan pacemaker dan openAIS di sini.<br />
Pada setiap server menggunakan dua buah ethernet card, atau bisa juga 1 ethernet card dan koneksi langsung antar kedua server dengan menggunakan null-modem cable. <br />
Satu buah ethernet terhubung ke jaringan dan satu buah lagi sebaiknya dihubungkan antar server langsung menggunakan cross cable (tidak harus tetapi disarankan)<br />
Pastikan ethernet bekerja dengan baik. <br />
Pada skenario di atas eth0 real ip diset secara permanen dengan ifup, sedangkan virtual ip akan diset melalui file /etc/ha.d/haresources. Silakan ganti ip address sesuai dengan yang anda gunakan.<br />
Konfigur file /etc/ha.d/ha.cf, /etc/ha.d/haresources, /etc/ha.d/authkeys. File-file ini harus sama di kedua server.<br />
Contoh file ha.cf<br />
<br />
keepalive 2<br />
warntime 5<br />
deadtime 15<br />
initdead 90<br />
udpport 694<br />
auto_failback on<br />
bcast eth0<br />
node server1 server2 <br />
<br />
bcast eth0, maksudnya adalah ethernet yang akan digunakan oleh client untuk mengakses server. node, diikuti dengan nama server primary dan server secondary sesuai dengan hasil "uname -n"<br />
<br />
<b>Contoh file authkeys</b><br />
<br />
Jika kedua server terhubung dengan kabel null-modem atau kabel cross anda dapat mengabaikan enkripsi dan mengisi file authkeys dengan misalnya:<br />
<br />
auth 2<br />
2 crc<br />
<br />
Tetapi jika anda menggunakan jaringan, misalnya letak kedua server terpisah secara geografis maka penggunaan enkripsi sangat dianjurkan dengan format<br />
<br />
auth num <br />
num algorithm secret<br />
<br />
Untuk membuatnya dapat gunakan script dibawah<br />
<br />
# ( echo -ne "auth 1 1 sha1 "; dd if=/dev/urandom bs=512 count=1 | openssl md5 ) > /etc/ha.d/authkeys<br />
<br />
Selanjutnya jangan lupa set agar authkeys hanya bisa dibaca dan ditulis oleh root # chmod 0600 /etc/ha.d/authkeys<br />
<br />
<b>Contoh file /etc/ha.d/haresources</b><br />
<br />
Konfigurasi haresources tanpa drbd / sebelum drbd diaktifkan misalnya<br />
<br />
server1 IPaddr::10.8.2.100/24/eth0 named dhcpd apache2<br />
Arti dari baris tersebut adalah:<br />
<br />
server1 --> nama server primary sesuai "uname -n" <br />
IPaddr::10.8.2.100/24/eth0 --> ipaddress virtual yang digunakan di eth0<br />
named dhcpd apache2 --> nama services yang redundan <br />
Anda dapat menset service heartbeat agar jalan di run level saat booting, misalnya dengan perintah "chkconfig heartbeat on" atau pada openSUSE dengan "insserv /etc/init.d/heartbeat". Saya sendiri di openSUSE lebih menyukai untuk menjalankannya melalui file /etc/init.d/after.local misalnya vim /etc/init.d/after.local:<br />
<br />
#! /bin/sh<br />
sleep 2<br />
rcheartbeat start <br />
<br />
Jangan lupa untuk mengcopy semua file konfigurasi yang anda buat di server1 ke server2 (gunakan scp or whatever) ha.cf, haresources, authkeys dan after.local (kalau anda pakai). Heartbeat sebenarnya menyediakan fasilitas mencopy konfigurasi dari node primary ke node cluster lainnya dengan ha_propagate. Coba cari filenya di /usr/share/heartbeat/ha_propagate atau di /usr/lib/heartbeat/ha_propagate. Saya sendiri lebih prefer menggunakan scp :-)<br />
<br />
Dari server1 coba "ifconfig" maka kalau semuanya ok akan muncul eth0:0 dengan ip 10.8.2.100. Dari client coba ping dan ssh ip tersebut, kalau masuk ke 10.8.2.4 maka heartbeat sudah bekerja sempurna. Selanjutnya matikan service heartbeat di server1, cek dengan ifconfig bahwa eth0:0 sudah tidak ada. Masuk ke server2 dan cek dengan ifconfig, harusnya sekarang eth0:0 dengan ip 10.8.2.100 sudah diambil alih oleh server2. Untuk mengembalikan ke server1 maka aktifkan service heartbeat di server1. Kalau ini semua ok berarti service heartbeat sudah berjalan dengan sempurna. Anda dapat juga mentest dengan mematikan eth0 pada server1, dan yakinkan bahwa ip virtual eth0:0 juga diambil alih oleh server2.<br />
<br />
<b>Konfigurasi drbd</b><br />
<br />
Drbd merupakan singkatan dari Distributed Replicated Block Device. Drbd akan me-mirror seluruh block device yang telah didefinisikan dan bekerja sebaga raid-1 over network. Konfigurasi drbd cukup mudah walaupun tidak semudah heartbeat :-P Anda butuh kesabaran. Beberapa hal yang perlu diperhatikan. User space dan kernel space harus dengan versi yang sama. Ada kejadian dimana seseorang mendownload tarball dan kemudian mengupdate instalasi drbd. Waktu menjalankan configure dia tidak mendefinisikan kernel directory, akibatnya user space drbd (misalnya drbdadm) meningkat versinya tetapi modul drbd.ko tidak terupdate. Akibatnya mesin bisa hang :-( Setidaknya dalam mengkonfigure jalankan ./configure --prefix=/usr --localstatedir=/var --sysconfdir=/etc --with-km<br />
<br />
Selanjutnya jalankan:<br />
<br />
# cd drbd<br />
# make clean<br />
# make KDIR=/path/to/kernel/source<br />
Untuk pengguna openSUSE tidak perlu melakukan langkah-langkah ini cukup install menggunakan 1-click install seperti yang sudah saya sebutkan di awal tulisan.<br />
<br />
Hal lain yang sering salah dilakukan waktu mengkonfigurasi drbd adalah membuat filesystem saat merepartisi disk untuk drbd device. Hal ini harus dihindari sampai modul drbd kita panggil untuk pertama kali. Berikut adalah langkah-langkahnya:<br />
<br />
siapkan pastisi untuk /dev/drbd yang akan digunakan untuk saling bereplikasi dan biarkan partisi tanpa filesystem. Ukuran partisi akan menentukan berapa lama keduanya bersinkronisasi, makin besar ukuran partisi maka makin lama sinkronisasi mencapai kondisi Consistent. Selain itu bisa juga disiapkan satu partisi tambahan untuk metadata walaupun tidak mandatory. Ukuran partisi di kedua server haruslah sama.<br />
<br />
Edit file /etc/drbd.conf menjadi:<br />
<br />
# You can find an example in /usr/share/doc/drbd.../drbd.conf.example<br />
<br />
#include "drbd.d/global_common.conf";<br />
#include "drbd.d/*.res";<br />
<br />
global{<br />
usage-count yes;<br />
}<br />
common{<br />
protocol C;<br />
}<br />
resource r0{<br />
net{<br />
after-sb-0pri discard-younger-primary;<br />
after-sb-1pri discard-secondary;<br />
after-sb-2pri disconnect;<br />
}<br />
on server1{<br />
device /dev/drbd0;<br />
disk /dev/cciss/c0d0p6;<br />
address 10.8.2.4:7788;<br />
meta-disk internal;<br />
}<br />
on server2{<br />
device /dev/drbd0;<br />
disk /dev/cciss/c0d0p6;<br />
address 10.8.2.5:7788;<br />
meta-disk internal;<br />
}<br />
}<br />
Pada server1 & server2 jalankan perintah:<br />
<br />
# modprobe drbd<br />
# drbdadm up all<br />
# cat /proc/drbd<br />
akan muincul tampilan dikedua server seperti:<br />
<br />
server1:~ # cat /proc/drbd<br />
version: 8.2.7 (api:88/proto:86-88)<br />
GIT-hash: a1b440e8b3011a1318d8bff1bb7edc763ef995b0 build by lmb@hermes, 2009-02-20 13:35:59<br />
0: cs:Connected st:Secondary/Secondary ds:Inconsistent/Inconsistent C r---<br />
ns:45542488 nr:0 dw:0 dr:45542488 al:0 bm:2779 lo:0 pe:0 ua:0 ap:0 ep:1 wo:b oos:0<br />
<br />
server2:~ # cat /proc/drbd<br />
version: 8.2.7 (api:88/proto:86-88)<br />
GIT-hash: a1b440e8b3011a1318d8bff1bb7edc763ef995b0 build by lmb@hermes, 2009-02-20 13:35:59<br />
0: cs:Connected st:Secondary/Secondary ds:Inconsistent/Inconsistent C r---<br />
ns:45542488 nr:0 dw:0 dr:45542488 al:0 bm:2779 lo:0 pe:0 ua:0 ap:0 ep:1 wo:b oos:0<br />
<br />
Selanjutnya buatlah metadata untuk drbd di setiap server<br />
<br />
server1:~ # drbdadm create-md r0<br />
server1:~ # rcdrbd start<br />
server2:~ # drbdadm create-md r0<br />
server2:~ # rcdrbd start<br />
Kita akan menjadikan server1 sebagai primary node, karena iotu pada server1 jalankan:<br />
<br />
server1:~ # drbdadm primary all<br />
server1:~ # drbdadm connect all <br />
Jika ada masalah, kemungkinan besar adalah karena sudah ada file system. Untuk menghapus file sistem tanpa mengubah partisi dapat menjalankan perintah<br />
<br />
dd if=/dev/zero bs=512 count=512 of=/dev/your_partition <br />
<br />
Bisa juga ditemukan atau adanya kesalahan saat menginisiasi drbd yang berakibat kedua disk sudah berada dalam kondisi Primary/Secondary Inconsistent/Inconsistent. Pada saat awal harusnya semua dalam kondisi Secondary/Secondary. Jika menemui masalah ini jalankan:<br />
<br />
server1:~ # drbdadm -- --overwrite-data-of-peer primary all <br />
<br />
Selanjutnya jalankan pada server 1<br />
<br />
server1:~# drbdsetup /dev/drbd0 primary --overwrite-data-of-peer<br />
<br />
Sekarang inisial sinkronisasi akan mulai berjalan.<br />
<br />
server1:~ # cat /proc/drbd<br />
version: 8.2.7 (api:88/proto:86-88)<br />
GIT-hash: a1b440e8b3011a1318d8bff1bb7edc763ef995b0 build by lmb@hermes, 2009-02-20 13:35:59<br />
0: cs:SyncSource st:Primary/Secondary ds:UpToDate/Inconsistent C r---<br />
ns:36350976 nr:0 dw:0 dr:36351244 al:0 bm:2218 lo:0 pe:0 ua:0 ap:0 ep:1 wo:b oos:68502008<br />
[=====>..............] sync'ed: 34.7% (66896/102392)M<br />
finish: 53:31:01 speed: 348 (320) K/sec <br />
<br />
Prosesnya cukup memakan waktu dan bergantung dari ukuran disk yang digunakan sebagai device drbd. Bersabarlah dan menunggu sampai prosesnya selesai. Saya selalu menunggu sinkronisasi sampai selesai 100% untuk yang pertama kali sebelum melakukan apapun (walaupun tidak harus). Jika sudah selesai maka hasilnya akan seperti:<br />
<br />
server1:~ # cat /proc/drbd<br />
version: 8.2.7 (api:88/proto:86-88)<br />
GIT-hash: a1b440e8b3011a1318d8bff1bb7edc763ef995b0 build by lmb@hermes, 2009-02-20 13:35:59<br />
0: cs:Connected st:Secondary/Secondary ds:UpToDate/UpToDate C r---<br />
ns:45542488 nr:0 dw:0 dr:45542488 al:0 bm:2779 lo:0 pe:0 ua:0 ap:0 ep:1 wo:b oos:0<br />
<br />
server2:~ # cat /proc/drbd<br />
version: 8.2.7 (api:88/proto:86-88)<br />
GIT-hash: a1b440e8b3011a1318d8bff1bb7edc763ef995b0 build by lmb@hermes, 2009-02-20 13:35:59<br />
0: cs:Connected st:Secondary/Secondary ds:UpToDate/UpToDate C r---<br />
ns:0 nr:44887544 dw:44887544 dr:0 al:0 bm:2740 lo:0 pe:0 ua:0 ap:0 ep:1 wo:b oos:0 <br />
<br />
Selanjutnya pada server1 kita akan membuat file system. Cukup dilakukan di server1, karena server2 akan mengikuti:<br />
<br />
server1:~ # drbdadm primary all<br />
server1:~ # mkfs.ext3 /dev/drbd0<br />
sekarang kita siapkan directory untuk mysql di server1<br />
<br />
mkdir /data-mysql<br />
<br />
mount -t ext3 /dev/drbd0 /data-mysql<br />
<br />
mv /var/lib/mysql /data-mysql<br />
<br />
ln -s /data-mysql/mysql /var/lib/mysql<br />
<br />
umount /data-mysql<br />
<br />
di server2:<br />
<br />
mv /var/lib/mysql /tmp<br />
<br />
ln -s /data-mysql/mysql /var/lib/mysql<br />
<br />
Edit file /etc/ha.d/haresources di server1 dan server2 menjadi<br />
<br />
server1 IPaddr::10.8.2.100/24/eth0 drbddisk::r0 Filesystem::/dev/drbd0::/data-mysql::ext3 named dhcpd apache2 mysql <br />
<br />
Selanjutnya tinggal memanggil drbd dan heartbeat di runlevel 3 dan 5 setiap kali server di boot. Saya sendiri di openSUSE mmenggunakan /etc/init.d/after.local untuk memanggil drbd dan heartbeat. Ini hanya untuk memastikan bahwa drbd dan heartbeat dipanggil terakhir kali setelah semua service yang lain berjalan. Cukup buat file /etc/init.d/after.local dan isikan misalnya:<br />
<br />
#!/bin/sh<br />
<br />
sleep 1<br />
rcdrbd start<br />
sleep 2<br />
rcheartbeat start<br />
<br />
Sekarang kita tinggal mengujinya. Apakah service-service yang didefinisikan di /etc/ha.d/haresources akan berpindah ke server2 jika server1 dimatikan. Tahu kan cara menguinya? Kira-kira sama dengan cara menguji heartbeat di atas.<br />
<br />
Have a lot of fun M. Edwin Zakariahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16030000917025038396noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6986155956525736502.post-26372617307057900742012-10-27T23:04:00.003+07:002012-10-27T23:04:21.511+07:00Asterisk 1.6.1 on openSUSE 11.1 (Part 5)I will explain a bit more deeper about Asterisk configuration in this post, some trick and useful configuration that I found really helpful in configuring asterisk instalation. Asterisk developer really did a good job to make a complete PBX, they give the best tools to us and now it is our job to configure it.<br /><br />One thing I found really annoying is the echo if we connect asterisk to PSTN line. I use digium TDM 410P and leave the card without tune it will give annoying echo. In my earlier post (Part 2) I explain that by running /usr/sbin/dahdi_genconf dahdi will automatically create /etc/dahdi/system.conf file that already contain information about hardware echo canceller. First thing you should remember if you have the budget is buy a card with hardware echo canceller. It will let the card to manage the echo without give the processor too much task to reduce it. After that you should tune the card. Luckily Digium give the best tools to tune the card named fxotune. To tune your card first shutdown the asterisk service and then run:<br /><br /># /usr/sbin/fxotune -i 0<br /><br />I put 0 (zero) because to dial an outside line I set the asterisk configuration to use 0. You should change it to whatever number you use. fxotune will create /etc/fxotune.conf file to put all the configuration it creates to reduce the echo. Pleas read "man fxotune" for more explanation about the tools.<br /><br />To enable Asterisk to use the card configuration every time we boot the server we need a slight modification of init script. We should call the fxotune before we call Asterisk, you can either modify the init script of Asterisk to call fxotune before it call the Asterisk or you can modify /etc/init.d/after.local (yes, I use openSUSE). I prefer to use after.local. Create /etc/init.d/after.local and fill the lines below:<br /><br /># ! /bin/sh<br /><br />/usr/sbin/fxotune -s<br />sleep 1<br />/etc/init.d/asterisk161 start<br /><br />Also you need to remove asterisk service from init script<br /><br /># insserv -r /etc/init.d/asterisk161<br /><br />You can boot the server and hear the difference. If everything goes well you can hear no echo :-)<br /><br />Now let's take a look back to our extension.conf that I already give in the part 3.<br /><br />[recordings]<br />exten => 500,1,Answer<br />exten => 500,2,Playback(en/silakanrekamgreeting)<br />exten => 500,3,Record(en/mymessage:gsm)<br />exten => 500,4,Playback(en/pesananda)<br />exten => 500,5,Playback(en/mymessage)<br />exten => 500,6,Playback(en/tekan1)<br />exten => 500,7,WaitExten(3)<br />exten => t,1,Playback(en/maafmohonulangi)<br />exten => t,2,Goto(500,5)<br />exten => i,1,Playback(en/pesanandasalah)<br />exten => i,2,Goto(500,5)<br />exten => 1,1,System(/bin/mv /var/lib/asterisk/sounds/en/mymessage.gsm /var/lib/asterisk/sounds/en/autoattendant.gsm)<br />exten => 1,2,Playback(en/terimakasih)<br />exten => 1,3,Playback(en/tekan3)<br />exten => 2,1,Goto(500,1)<br />exten => 3,1,Goto(500,1)<br />exten => 4,1,Hangup<br />include => internal-sip<br /><br />This is the context about recording that we put it in extensions.conf and also in sip.conf, that's why I put "include => internal-sip" in the bottom of the context. We create the special extension 500 to record the greeting for our system. We will put the record as greeting, when someone from outside call our lines, then Asterisk will play this greeting. I will explain it to you don't worry :-). Those lines means:<br /><br />If dial 500 then answer.<br />Play the sound file /var/lib/asterisk/sounds/en/silakanrekamgreeting.gsm. You can record a custom sound file which contain something like "Please record your greeting after the beep", save it as gsm format and call it from here.<br />Record your message (say the greeting you want to record) and put it as /var/lib/asterisk/sounds/en/mymessage.gsm<br />Play the file /var/lib/asterisk/sounds/en/pesananda.gsm. You can record a custom sound file which contain something like "Your greeting is", save it as gsm format and call it from here.<br />Play your record greeting that just you record in step 3.<br />Play the sound file /var/lib/asterisk/sounds/en/tekan1.gsm. You can record a custom sound file which contain something like "Please press 1 to save your message", save it as gsm format and call it from here.<br />Wait 3 second for pressing 1<br />t,1 means that if 3 seconds already time-out then play the sound file /var/lib/asterisk/sounds/en/maafmohoulangi.gsm. You can record a custom sound file which contain something like "Please re-record your message", save it as gsm format and call it from here.<br />t,2 go to point 6 above and repeat the steps.<br />i,1 means if you press another number in step 7 (you don't record the message) then play the sound file /var/lib/asterisk/sounds/en/pesanandasalah.gsm. You can record a custom sound file which contain something like "Sorry I didn't get that", save it as gsm format and call it from here.<br />i,2 go to point 6 above and repeat the steps.<br />1,1 if you press 1 in step 7 then asterisk will move /bin/mv /var/lib/asterisk/sounds/en/mymessage.gsm to /var/lib/asterisk/sounds/en/autoattendant.gsm<br />1,2 means play the sound file /var/lib/asterisk/sounds/en/terimakasih.gsm. You can record a custom sound file which contain something like "thankyou", save it as gsm format and call it from here.<br />1,3 means play the sound file /var/lib/asterisk/sounds/en/tekan3.gsm. You can record a custom sound file which contain something like "press 3 to record another message", save it as gsm format and call it from here.<br />include => internal-sip, means that asterisk will see also [recording] context in [internal-sip] context, usually we manage [internal-sip] in sip.conf.<br />Now ti's time to configure /etc/asterisk/sip.conf. This file manage the sip for ip phone and other peripheral in our setup. I use several desk ip-phone, wireless ip-phone (Polycom Kirk DECT) and also GSM gateway (Zed, Musitel etc), all of it running well. My sip.conf looks something like:<br /><br />[general]<br /><br />port = 5060<br />bindaddr = 10.7.1.120<br />disallow=all<br />allow=all<br />allow=ulaw<br />allow=gsm<br />context=internal-sip<br /><br />;--------------------xxxxx site ---------------------------<br /><br />;Polycom IP330<br /><br />[8001]<br />type=friend<br />host=dynamic<br />dtmfmode=rfc2833<br />language=en<br />context=internal-sip<br />nat=no<br />canreinvite=no<br />username=TELEPH01<br />userid=8001<br />callerid=TELEPH01 <8001><br />mailbox=8001<br />allow=all<br />qualify=yes<br /><br />[8002]<br />type=friend<br />host=dynamic<br />dtmfmode=rfc2833<br />language=en<br />context=internal-sip<br />nat=no<br />username=TELEPH02<br />userid=8002<br />callerid=TELEPH02 <8002><br />mailbox=8002<br />allow=all<br />qualify=yes<br /><br />[8006]<br />type=friend<br />host=dynamic<br />dtmfmode=rfc2833<br />language=en<br />;context=internal-sip<br />context=recordings<br />nat=no<br />canreinvite=no<br />username=TELEPH06<br />userid=8006<br />callerid=DPTELEPH06 <8006><br />mailbox=8006<br />allow=all<br />qualify=yes<br /><br />; KIRK DECT 3040 at site<br /><br />[8020]<br />type=friend<br />host=dynamic<br />dtmfmode=rfc2833<br />language=en<br />context=internal-sip<br />nat=no<br />username=TELEPH20<br />userid=8020<br />callerid=TELEPH20 <8020><br />mailbox=8020<br />allow=all<br />qualify=yes<br /><br />;Zed GSM GATEWAY<br /><br />[8031]<br />type=peer<br />insecure=very<br />disallow=all<br />allow=ulaw<br />allow=alaw<br />allow=gsm<br />context=internal-sip<br />host=10.7.1.31<br />username=GS8<br />permit=10.7.1.31/255.255.255.255<br />qualify=yes<br />canreinvite=no<br />call-limit=4<br />dtmfmode=rfc2833<br />nat=no<br /><br />[8032]<br />type=peer<br />insecure=very<br />disallow=all<br />allow=ulaw<br />allow=alaw<br />allow=gsm<br />context=internal-sip<br />host=10.7.1.32<br />username=GS8<br />permit=10.7.1.32/255.255.255.255<br />qualify=yes<br />canreinvite=no<br />call-limit=4<br />dtmfmode=rfc2833<br />nat=no<br /><br />[8001] and [8006] are the desk ip-phone, [8020] is wireless ip-phone, and [8031] and [8032] are Zed gsm gateway. Please pay attention to [8001] and [8006] almost all the configuration are same, except one line.context. For 8001 context=internal-sip but 8006 context=recording. This line tell us that for recording / greeting purpose we will use the phone with extension 8006. So we can only dial 500 and do the recording in that phone as we set it in /etc/asterisk/extension.conf. You cannot dial 500 and do recording in the phone with the sip configuration doesn't include the line context=recording. I hope you get it :-)<br /><br />For gsm gateway, I set it up just like the other as internal-sip. But there are a lot of gsm gateways out there and every brand has their own configuration so please read the manual of your gsm gateway and set it up properly. You can use it in front of digium as fxo/fxs or you can also set it up as sip extension depend on you gsm gateway type.<br /><br />Let's move to chan_dahdi.conf that I already attached several post earlier. Let me remind part of the file:<br /><br />[channels]<br />language=en<br />context=internal-fxo<br />signalling=fxs_ks<br />rxwink=300<br />cidstart=polarity<br />answeronpolarityswitch=no<br />hanguponpolarityswitch=no<br />pulsedial=no<br />cidsignalling=dtmf<br />busydetect=yes<br />busycount=6<br /><br />......<br /><br />echocanceller=mg2,1-12<br />channel => 1-12<br /><br />there is line with "context=internal-fxo". Basically it means that all the channels 1 through 12 are in the context of internal-fxo. By doing this all the lines will follow the setup we already done in extensions.conf under context [internal-fxo], please take a look extensions.conf in earlier part. You got it, don't you :-) ?<br /><br />Let me finish this asterisk session, 5 part seem not enough but I'm afraid this will make my blog so bore :-). So final notes is about iax.conf. If you have several locations with asterisk server in every location you can connect the server and make conversation like you dial an extension. First of all you should setup a VPN between the site. I presume you already now how to set it up, there are a lot of howto in internet. Then you should configure the iax.conf. I already give the example in previous post, let me explain. Take attention in this part:<br /><br />[general]<br /><br />bindport=4569<br />bindaddr=10.8.1.120<br /><br />.......................<br /><br />register => ncpabxsv:0000@10.1.1.120:4569<br />register => dppabxsv:0000@10.7.1.120:4569<br />register => ygpabxsv:0000@10.8.1.120:4569<br /><br />This server address is 10.8.1.120 and the port 4569 use for the iax. We should register all the server including this server in the 3 lines at the bottom.<br /><br />Also we should make the setup for every server like below:<br /><br />[ncpabxsv]<br />type=friend<br />auth=md5<br />secret=0000<br />context=local<br />host=dynamic<br />defaultip=10.1.1.120<br />qualify=yes<br />requirecalltoken=no<br /><br />[dppabxsv]<br />type=friend<br />auth=md5<br />secret=0000<br />context=local<br />host=dynamic<br />defaultip=10.7.1.120<br />qualify=yes<br />requirecalltoken=no<br /><br />[ygpabxsv]<br />type=friend<br />auth=md5<br />secret=0000<br />context=local<br />host=dynamic<br />defaultip=10.8.1.120<br />qualify=yes<br />requirecalltoken=no</8020></8006></8002></8001><br />
<br />In all site with the asterisk server we should configure iax.conf so every server can be registered with each other. By doing this you can call other site with extension. Now take a look again our extensions.conf in this section:<br /><br />[internal-sip]<br />exten => _1.,1,Dial(IAX2/ygpabxsv:0000@10.1.1.120/${EXTEN:1}@local)<br />exten => _1.,2,Hangup()<br />exten => _2.,1,Dial(IAX2/ygpabxsv:0000@10.7.1.120/${EXTEN:1}@local)<br />exten => _2.,2,Hangup()<br /><br />Above lines means:<br /><br />_1. --> if you start a call with "pressing 1 then follow by extension then you connect to asterisk server in ip address 10.1.1.120". 10.1.1.120/${EXTEN:1} means the asterisk server in ip 10.1.1.120 will stripe the first digit.<br />_2. --> if you start a call with "pressing 2 then follow by extension then you connect to asterisk server in ip address 10.7.1.120". 10.7.1.120/${EXTEN:1} means the asterisk server in ip 10.7.1.120 will stripe the first digit.<br />I think I already explain everything that you should know about how to setup and configure an asterisk server, make a conference room, setting up extension, and even connecting between two or more asterisk server using iax. Now it is your turn :-) You can experiment with my setting until you get used to it and try another configuration that match with what you want.<br /><br />Don't forget to have a lot of fun. M. Edwin Zakariahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16030000917025038396noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6986155956525736502.post-57117591193034389442012-10-27T22:46:00.002+07:002012-10-27T22:46:19.570+07:00Asterisk 1.6.1 on openSUSE 11.1 (Part 4)medwinz note:<br /><br />I got a bunch of email from Indonesian gentle readers about this topic, so I decide to write in Bahasa Indonesia for the Part 4. But don't worry google translate is there. Happy reading :-)<br /><br />Pertama-tama terima kasih atas antusiasme rekan-rekan yang sudah nge-japri dan memberi komentar. Saya mohon maaf karena bagian ke-4 ini agak telat, namanya kuli harus tour of duty dan ngejar setoran :-)<br />Pada part 3 saya telah memberikan contoh extensions.conf, saya perlu menyertakan beberapa contoh file konfigurasi lain yang dibutuhkan agar penjelasan extension.conf bisa dimengerti. File-file tersebut adalah:<br /><br />/etc/asterisk/chan_dahdi.conf<br />/etc/asterisk/sip.conf<br />/etc/asterisk/iax.conf<br />/etc/asterisk/meetme.conf<br />/etc/asterisk/voicemail.conf<br />Contoh chan_dahdi.conf:<br /><br />; <br />; dahdi_channels.conf configuration of digium card <br />; <br />; Configuration file <br /><br />[channels]<br /><br />language=en<br />context=internal-fxo<br />signalling=fxs_ks <br />rxwink=300 <br />cidstart=polarity ; jangan ada line yang ngutang akan mengacaukan DTMF dan cid signalling<br /><br />answeronpolarityswitch=no <br />hanguponpolarityswitch=no <br />;cidstart=ring ; ini test saja <br />pulsedial=no <br />;useincomingcalleridondahditransfer=yes<br />cidsignalling=dtmf<br />busydetect=yes<br />busycount=6<br /><br />usecallerid=yes<br />callerid=asreceived<br />hidecallerid=no<br />callwaiting=yes<br />usecallingpres=yes<br />callwaitingcallerid=yes<br />threewaycalling=yes<br />transfer=yes<br />cancallforward=yes<br />callreturn=yes<br />echocancel=yes<br />echocancelwhenbridged=no<br />echotraining=800<br />rxgain=3.0<br />txgain=0.0<br />group=0<br />callgroup=1<br />pickupgroup=1<br />immediate=no<br />faxdetect=no<br />group=1<br />disallow=all<br />allow=all<br /><br />echocanceller=mg2,1-12<br />channel => 1-12<br /><br />Contoh sip.conf:<br /><br />[general]<br />port = 5060<br />bindaddr = 10.8.1.120<br />disallow=all<br />allow=all<br />allow=ulaw<br />allow=gsm<br />context=internal-sip <br /><br />[9001]<br />type=friend<br />host=dynamic <br />dtmfmode=rfc2833 <br />language = en <br />context=recordings <br />nat=no <br />username=YGTELEPH01 <br />userid=9001 <br />callerid=YGTELEPH01 <9001> <br />mailbox=9001 <br />allow=all <br />qualify=yes <br /><br />[9002]<br />type=friend<br />host=dynamic <br />dtmfmode=rfc2833 <br />language = en <br />context=internal-sip <br />nat=no <br />username=YGTELEPH02 <br />userid=9002 <br />callerid=YGTELEPH02 <9002> <br />mailbox=9002 <br />allow=all <br />qualify=yes<br /><br />;tambahkan sesuai extension yang anda miliki<br /><br />[9031]<br />type=peer<br />insecure=very<br />disallow=all <br />allow=ulaw <br />allow=alaw <br />allow=gsm <br />context=internal-sip<br />host=10.8.1.31 <br />username=GS8 <br />permit=10.8.1.31/255.255.255.255<br />qualify=yes <br />canreinvite=no <br />call-limit=4 <br />dtmfmode=rfc2833 <br />nat=no <br /><br />[9032]<br />type=peer<br />insecure=very<br />disallow=all <br />allow=ulaw <br />allow=alaw <br />allow=gsm <br />context=internal-sip<br />host=10.8.1.32 <br />username=GS8 <br />permit=10.8.1.32/55.255.255.255<br />qualify=yes <br />canreinvite=no <br />call-limit=4<br />dtmfmode=rfc2833<br />nat=no<br /><br />Contoh iax.conf:<br /><br />; Inter-Asterisk eXchange driver definition<br />; <br />; This configuration is re-read at reload <br />; or with the CLI command <br />; reload chan_iax2.so <br />; <br />; General settings, like port number to bind to, and<br />; an option address (the default is to bind to all <br />; local addresses). <br />; <br />[general] <br />bindport=4569 <br />bindaddr=10.8.1.120 <br />delayreject=yes<br />language=en <br />bandwidth=high <br />disallow=all <br />allow=ulaw <br />allow=alaw <br />allow=gsm <br />jittertargetextra=40<br />jitterbuffer=yes <br />dropcount=3 <br />maxjitterbuffer=300 <br />minjitterbuffer=300 <br />minexcessbuffer=200 <br />mailboxdetail=yes <br />autokill=yes <br /><br />register => ncpabxsv:0000@10.1.1.120:4569<br />register => dppabxsv:0000@10.7.1.120:4569<br />register => jbpabxsv:0000@10.9.1.120:4569<br /><br />tos=0x10<br /><br />[guest]<br />type=user<br />context=default<br />callerid="Guest IAX User"<br /><br />;<br />; Trust Caller*ID Coming from iaxtel.com<br />; <br />[iaxtel] <br />type=user <br />context=default <br />auth=rsa <br />inkeys=iaxtel <br /><br />;<br />; Trust Caller*ID Coming from iax.fwdnet.net<br />; <br />[iaxfwd] <br />type=user <br />context=default <br />auth=rsa <br />inkeys=freeworlddialup <br /><br />[ncpabxsv]<br />type=friend<br />auth=md5 <br />secret=0000<br />context=local<br />host=dynamic <br />defaultip=10.1.1.120<br />qualify=yes <br />requirecalltoken=no <br /><br />[dppabxsv]<br />type=friend<br />auth=md5 <br />secret=0000<br />context=local<br />host=dynamic<br />defaultip=10.7.1.120<br />qualify=yes<br />requirecalltoken=no<br /><br />[ygpabxsv]<br />type=friend<br />auth=md5<br />secret=0000<br />context=local<br />host=dynamic<br />defaultip=10.8.1.120<br />qualify=yes<br />requirecalltoken=no<br /><br />[jbpabxsv]<br />type=friend<br />auth=md5<br />secret=0000<br />context=local<br />host=dynamic<br />defaultip=10.9.1.120<br />qualify=yes<br />requirecalltoken=no<br /><br />Contoh meetme.conf:<br /><br />[rooms]<br />;#include meetme_additional.conf<br /><br />conf => 5000<br />conf => 6000<br />conf => 7000<br /><br />Contoh voicemail.conf:<br /><br />; <br />; Voicemail Configuration <br />; <br /><br />;<br />; NOTE: Asterisk has to edit this file to change a user's password. This does<br />; not currently work with the "#include <file>" directive for Asterisk <br />; configuration files, nor when using realtime static configuration. <br />; Do not use them with this configuration file. <br />; <br /><br />[general]<br />format=wav<br />serveremail=asterisk<br />fromstring=Asterisk PABX<br />sendvoicemail=yes <br />language=en <br />operator=no <br />envelope=yes <br />attach=yes <br />maxmsg=20 <br />maxsecs=180 <br />minsecs=6 <br />maxgreet=60 <br />skipms=3000 <br />maxsilence=5 <br />silencethreshold=128 <br />maxlogins=3 <br /><br />emailbody=Anda mempunyai pesan baru <br /><br />emaildateformat=%A, %d %B %Y at %H:%M:%S<br />mailcmd=/usr/sbin/sendmail -t <br /><br />sendvoicemail=yes ; Allow the user to compose and send a voicemail while inside <br /> ; VoiceMailMain() [option 5 from mailbox's advanced menu]. <br /> ; If set to 'no', option 5 will not be listed. <br /><br />[default]<br />; isikan sebanyak extension yang anda miliki<br /><br />9001 => 9001,medwinz,,,attach=no<br />9002 => 9002,medwinz,,,attach=no<br /><br />[zonemessages]<br />yogyakarta=Asia/Jakarta|'vm-received' Q 'digits/at' R<br /><br />Desain yang saya buat ini secara sederhana digambarkan dalam diagram dibawah<br /><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEip_YiLkue3Jma-ObejsoFVCaYhaMnP3b18A6232ixgl-e6r04gsv3R6Ah_4tR7-8JAutBC5ECuBZwSzwMF-JRt294Wh1sZK8x3cMwTvUGKk82qCSQ3YjNfTNunkAhfCJhuS9xBwj1gce-I/s1600-h/pabx-ipphone-conf.png" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}"><img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5418664216488592498" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEip_YiLkue3Jma-ObejsoFVCaYhaMnP3b18A6232ixgl-e6r04gsv3R6Ah_4tR7-8JAutBC5ECuBZwSzwMF-JRt294Wh1sZK8x3cMwTvUGKk82qCSQ3YjNfTNunkAhfCJhuS9xBwj1gce-I/s400/pabx-ipphone-conf.png" style="display: block; height: 250px; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; width: 400px;" /></a>Ip phones mempunyai extension 9001 sampai dengan 9027. GSM gateway diperlakukan sebagai sip extension dengan nomer extension 9031 dan 9032. Lihat file sip.conf. Bagaimana membuat agar sebuah ip phone mempunyai nomor extensi? Ini tergantung dari ip phone yang anda gunakan, untuk langkah awal anda dapat menset sebuah dhcp untuk kemudian setiap ip-phone akan mengambil sebuah ip. Biasanya didalam sebuah ip-phone sudah ditanam sebuah webserver yang dapat diakses dari browser untuk selanjutnya kita beri nomor extensi. Proses ini sering dinamakan provision. Favorit saya untuk mem-provisi ip-phone adalah dengan menset sebuah ftp server yang kemudian setiap ip-phone akan mendownload konfigurasi dari ftp server tersebut. Lebih lengkapnya silakan baca manual ip-phone anda. <br /><br />Sekarang mari kita mulai membahas file extensions.conf. Yang penting diketahui bahwa dialplan itu terdiri dari beberapa context. Context ditandai dengan [...], misalnya [incoming], [internal-fxo], [internal-sip] dsb. Context ini saling berhubungan antara extensions.conf dengan file-file yang lain. Context akan mengatur perlakuan terhadap suatu incoming atau outgoing call oleh asterisk. Asterisk mengenal beberapa standard extensi yaitu:<br /><br />i : invalid<br />s : start<br />h : hangup<br />t : timeout<br />T : absolute timeout<br />a : asterisk extension<br />o : operator <br />Yang biasanya sering digunakan adalah:<br /><br />s : start : apa yang harus dilakukan oleh asterisk kalau ada incoming call<br />i : invalid entry : apa yang dilakukan kalau entry yang dimasukkan salah<br />t : time out : apa yang dilakukan kalau timeout sudah lewat <br />Sekarang coba kita perhatikan syntax extensions.conf berikut:<br /><br /> [internal-fxo]<br /> exten => s,1,Answer<br /> exten => s,2,Wait(1)<br /> exten => s,3,Background(en/autoattendant)<br /> exten => s,4,WaitExten(2) <br /><br />Maka artinya kurang lebih adalah untuk context internal-fxo kalau ada telepon yang masuk maka yang harus dilakukan oleh asterisk adalah:<br /><br />dijawab (diangkat) --> s,1,Answer<br />tunggu selama 1 detik --> s,2,Wait(1)<br />jalankan di latar belakang file /var/lib/asterisk/sound/en/autoattendant.gsm --> s,3,Background(en/autoattendant)<br />tunggu input keypad selama 2 detik --> s,4,WaitExten(2)<br />Mudahkan? ;)<br /><br />Asterisk mempunyai beberapa aplikasi yang bisa dipanggil melalui extensions.conf yang saya gunakan di sini adalah VoiceMail yaitu aplikasi untuk meninggalkan pesan jika telepon tidak diangkat atau sibuk, meetme untuk melakukan conference call (percakapan dengan peserta lebih dari 2 orang), dan Monitor untuk merekam suatu percakapan ke dalam file. Mari kita lihat contoh extensions.conf:<br /><br />[internal-fxo]<br /><br />............ <br /><br />exten => 5000,1,MeetMe(5000) <br />exten => 6000,1,MeetMe(6000) <br />exten => 7000,1,MeetMe(7000) <br /><br />Perhatikan juga contoh meetme.conf:<br /><br />[rooms]<br />;#include meetme_additional.conf<br /><br />conf => 5000<br />conf => 6000<br />conf => 7000 <br /><br />Kita telah mendefinisikan 3 ruangan untuk melakukan konferensi yaitu extensi 5000, 6000, dan 7000. Kemudian pada context [internal-fxo] di extensions.conf kita definisikan bahwa user yang mengakses extensi 5000, 6000 dan 7000 akan masuk ke ruangan konferensi. Mudahkan ;). Perlu diketahui bahwa ruangan konferensi ini tidak hanya bisa diakses oleh extensi lokal tetapi juga dari telepon di tempat lain, baik voip, GSM, atau PSTN. Misalnya kita ingin mengajak rekan kita yang kebetulan sedang diluar kantor untuk ikut meeting, maka kita dapat menghubungi handphonenya dan selanjutnya kita transfer ke 5000, 6000 atau 7000.<br /><br />VoiceMail cukup mudah untuk dikonfigurasi jika kita menginginkannya. Ada beberapa flag yang digunakan untuk mengatur VoiceMail yaitu:<br /><br />s : jika diberikan akan membuat pesan "Please leave your message after the tone. When done, hang up, or press the pound key" tidak dimainkan<br />u: jika diberikan akan memutar pesan "The person at extension ... 1234 ... is unavailable"<br />b: jika diberikan akan memutar pesan "The person at extension ... 1234 ... is busy"<br />Kita dapat mengkombinasikan flag tersebut misalnya:<br /><br />su : pesan unavailable akan diputar tetapi pesan instruksi tidak<br />sb : pesan busy akan diputar tetapi pesan instruksi tidak<br />u : pesan unavailable akan diputar dilanjutkan dengan pesan instruksi<br />b : pesan busy akan diputar dilanjutkan dengan pesan instruksi<br />Pada context [incoming] di extensions.conf saya mendefinisikan:<br /><br />exten => _XXXX,1,Answer<br />exten => _XXXX,2,Dial(SIP/${EXTEN},${RINGDELAY},t)<br />exten => _XXXX,3,Voicemail(${EXTEN}@default,u) <br />exten => _XXXX,4,Hangup() <br />exten => _XXXX,103,Voicemail(${EXTEN}@default,b) <br />exten => _XXXX,104,Hangup<br />Maksudnya kurang lebih adalahkalau ada yang men-dial extensi XXXX (sesuai dengan yg telah didefinisikan di sip.conf) misalya 9001 maka:<br /><br />jawab <br />dial extension selama 20 detik (ini ditentukan pada context [globals] RINGDELAY => 20), kalau sudah lewat 20 detik maka<br />putar pesan unavailable dilanjutkan dengan instruksi untuk menyimpan pesan.<br />hangup<br />jika nada sibuk, putar pesan sibuk dilanjutkan dengan instruksi untuk menyimpan pesan<br />hangup<br />Pesan yang masuk akan disimpan pada /var/spool/asterisk/voicemail/context/boxnumber/INBOX. Misalnya dalam kasus di atas maka :<br /><br />context = default, sesuai exten => _XXXX,3,Voicemail(${EXTEN}@default,u)<br />boxnumber adalah mailbox untuk nomer extensi tertentu, misalnya untuk extensi 9001 kebetulan saya set mailbox=9001 sama dengan nomor extensinya. Lihat file sip.conf di atas.<br />maka jika penelpon menelpon 9001 dan meninggalkan voicemail maka lokasi penyimpanannya pada /var/spool/asterisk/voicemail/default/9001/INBOX<br />Kita bisa menyimpan semua percakapan yang terjadi melalui asterisk dengan memanfaatkan aplikasi Monitor. Tentu saja untuk mengkonfigurasinya anda harus menanyakan policy mengenai hal ini kepada pemilik jaringan/asterisk di mana anda memasangnya. Karena hal ini berhubungan dengan privacy. Ada beberapa hal yang sebaiknya diperhatikan dalam mensetup Monitor, standar styntax adalah sebagai berikut: Monitor(ext,basename,flags). Penjelasan sederhananya adalah sebagai berikut:<br /><br />ext : format sound file, defaultnya adalah .wav<br />basename : dalam contoh saya menggunakan Call-${CALLERID(num)}-${EXTEN}-${STRFTIME(${EPOCH},,%Y%m%d-%H%M%S, ini akan mengakibatkan file disimpan dengan nama misalnya Call-8001-02125558785-20091222-161031.wav dimana 8001 adalah nomer extensi, 02125558785 adalah nomer yang dituju, 20091222 adalah tanggal-bulan-tahun, 161031 adalah jam-menit-detik. Demikian juga kalau incoming call, kalau anda berlangganan CID maka asterisk bisa membaca asterisk yang masuk, tetapi sekiranya anda tidak berlangganan CID maka incoming call akan disimpan dengan nama misalnya Call- -8019-20091222-122545.wav<br />m : adalah flag yang bila digunakan maka asterisk akan memanggil program diluar asterisk untuk mengkombinasikan dua buah sound file, in dan out, ke dalam sebuah file. Program yang dipanggil adalah sox. Kadang-kadang sox tidak bisa mengenali dan menggabungkan format sound (alaw) akibatnya seringkali kita menemukan untuk sebuah percakapan masih terdapat dua buah file, in dan out. Misalnya : Call-8019-723964-20091222-151827-in.wav dan Call-8019-723964-20091222-151827-out.wav <br />Untuk mengaktifkan Monitor tidaklah sulit, sebagai contoh perhatikan lagi file extensions.conf:<br /><br />[internal-fxo]<br /><br />....... <br /><br />exten => _XXXX,1,Monitor(wav,Call-${CALLERID(num)}-${EXTEN}-${STRFTIME(${EPOCH},,%Y%m%d-%H%M%S)},m) <br />exten => _XXXX,2,Dial(SIP/${EXTEN},${RINGDELAY},t) <br />exten => _XXXX,3,Voicemail(su${EXTEN}) <br />exten => _XXXX,4,Hangup() <br />exten => _XXXX,103,Voicemail(sb${EXTEN}) <br />exten => _XXXX,104,Hangup()<br /><br />Maksud dari baris ini:<br /><br />untuk extensi xxxx, rekam percakapan dengan format Call-no.extensi-tanggal-jam<br />dial extensi xxxx dan dering selama 20 detik (masih ingat ya, yang diatas)<br />kalau lewat 20 detik maka aktifkan voicemail<br />kala nada sibuk aktifkan voicemail<br />hangup<br />Hmm... banyak juga ya. Mudah-mudahan tidak memusingkan. Masih ada beberapa hal di dalam extensions.conf yang akan saya jelaskan misalnya bagaimana mengkoneksi asterisk server di lokasi lain, bagaimana merekam pesan (recording untuk greeting), dan terutama pengaturan context yang berkaitan dengan channel dahdi dan sip.conf. Ada baiknya kita sudahi dulu, silakan diendapkan dan dibawa mimpi :-). Kita lanjutkan di tulisan berikutnya.<br /><br />Stay tuned and have a lot of fun :-)</file></9002></9001><br />
<!--9002--><!--9001-->M. Edwin Zakariahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16030000917025038396noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6986155956525736502.post-75633571479335377642012-10-27T22:32:00.002+07:002012-10-27T22:32:16.125+07:00Asterisk 1.6.1 on openSUSE 11.1 (Part 3)To enable asterisk to communicate with PSTN lines we should have either a VOIP-PSTN gateway or FXO card. I will not explain about VOIP-PSTN gateway, there are some service providers out there who provides this service for their customers. In my work I use Digium TDM 410P with 4 FXO port per card. There are some alternatives in the market like Sangoma, Rhino, etc, the important is we should make sure that it works with Asterisk either with dahdi driver or zaptel/zapata driver. Also if possible select the card that already has hardware echo-canceler. Echo is a problem in voip communication, and if you have card with no echo-canceler than your server CPU will busy do the job.<br /><br />Just remember that Digium cards are no longer use zapata driver, and some changes has been made to the configuration file name and location, /etc/zaptel.conf become /etc/dahdi/system.conf and /etc/asterisk/zapata.conf become /etc/asterisk/chan_dahdi.conf <br /><br />In the client site you can use any SIP client hardwares or softwares. Ekiga and Emphaty are the good choice for you who prefer GTK libraries and KCall and KPhone are for you who prefer Qt libraries. IP phone hardware now widely available in the market from cheap to high price, you can select any brand as long as it compatibles with Asterisk. In this project I choose Polycom IP-330, I also used Grandstream and Aastra in other implementation. In this implementation the owner also ask me to use Polycom KIRK Wireless Server 600V3 with Polycom DECT Handset 3040.<br /><br />Now the time for the dialplan, extensions.conf, which is the core of asterisk implementation, as an example let me introduce you with my configuration. It is a good habit to always backup default asterisk configuration, and start the new configuration from the scratch.<br /><br />My extensions.conf is:<br /><br />; extensions.conf - the Asterisk dial plan<br />; Created by M. Edwin Z for xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx<br />; medwinz@gmail.com <br />; <br />; Static extension configuration file, used by <br />; the pbx_config module. This is where you configure all your <br />; inbound and outbound calls in Asterisk. <br />; <br />; This configuration file is reloaded <br />; - With the "dialplan reload" command in the CLI <br />; - With the "reload" command (that reloads everything) in the CLI<br />; <br /><br />[general]<br /> static=yes<br /> writeprotect=yes<br />[globals]<br /> RINGDELAY => 20<br /> DYNAMIC_FEATURES => automon <br />[incoming]<br /> exten => s,1,Answer<br /> exten => s,2,Background(en/greeting-indonesia)<br /> exten => s,3,Hangup() <br /><br /> exten => h,1,Hangup()<br /><br /> exten => 9999,1,VoiceMailMain()<br /> exten => asterisk,1,VoicemailMain()<br /><br /> exten => 5000,1,Set(CHANNEL(language)=en) ; conference 1<br /> exten => 5000,2,Meetme(5000) <br /> exten => 5000,3,Hangup <br /><br /> exten => 6000,1,Set(CHANNEL(language)=en) ; conference 2<br /> exten => 6000,2,Meetme(6000) <br /> exten => 6000,3,Hangup <br /><br /> exten => 7000,1,Set(CHANNEL(language)=en) ; conference 3<br /> exten => 7000,2,Meetme(7000) <br /> exten => 7000,3,Hangup <br /><br /> exten => _XXXX,1,Answer<br /> exten => _XXXX,2,Dial(SIP/${EXTEN},${RINGDELAY},t)<br /> exten => _XXXX,3,Voicemail(${EXTEN}@default,u) <br /> exten => _XXXX,4,Hangup() <br /> exten => _XXXX,103,Voicemail(${EXTEN}@default,b) <br /> exten => _XXXX,104,Hangup<br /><br /> [internal-fxo]<br /> exten => s,1,Answer<br /> exten => s,2,Wait(1)<br /> exten => s,3,Background(en/autoattendant)<br /> exten => s,4,WaitExten(2) <br /> exten => 5000,1,MeetMe(5000) <br /> exten => 6000,1,MeetMe(6000) <br /> exten => 7000,1,MeetMe(7000) <br /> exten => _XXXX,1,Monitor(wav,Call-${CALLERID(num)}-${EXTEN}-${STRFTIME(${EPOCH},,%Y%m%d-%H%M%S)},m) <br /> exten => _XXXX,2,Dial(SIP/${EXTEN},${RINGDELAY},t) <br /> exten => _XXXX,3,Voicemail(su${EXTEN}) <br /> exten => _XXXX,4,Hangup() <br /> exten => _XXXX,103,Voicemail(sb${EXTEN}) <br /> exten => _XXXX,104,Hangup() <br /><br /> exten => h,1,Hangup()<br /><br /> exten => t,1,Monitor(wav,Call-${CALLERID(num)}-9019-${STRFTIME(${EPOCH},,%Y%m%d-%H%M%S)},m) <br /> exten => t,2,Dial(SIP/9019&SIP/9006&SIP/9007&SIP/9001&SIP/9002&SIP/9015,${RINGDELAY},t) <br /> exten => t,3,Hangup <br /> exten => t,305,Dial(SIP/9001&SIP/9002&SIP/9003&SIP/9004&SIP/9005&SIP/9006&SIP/9007&SIP/9008&SIP/9009&SIP/9010&SIP/9011&SIP/9016&SIP/9017&SIP/9018&SIP/9019) <br /> exten => t,306,Hangup <br /><br /> include => incoming<br /><br />[internal-fxs]<br /> include => incoming<br /><br />[internal-sip]<br /> exten => _1.,1,Dial(IAX2/ygpabxsv:0000@10.1.1.120/${EXTEN:1}@local)<br /> exten => _1.,2,Hangup() <br /><br /> exten => _2.,1,Dial(IAX2/ygpabxsv:0000@10.7.1.120/${EXTEN:1}@local)<br /> exten => _2.,2,Hangup() <br /><br />;;GSM call to Telkomsel/HALO<br /> exten => _000811.,1,Monitor(wav,Call-${CALLERID(num)}-${EXTEN:2}-${STRFTIME(${EPOCH},,%Y%m%d-%H%M%S)},m)<br /> exten => _000811.,2,Dial(SIP/9031/${EXTEN:1}) <br /> exten => _000811.,3,Hangup <br /><br />;;GSM call to Telkomsel/Simpati<br /> exten => _000812.,1,Monitor(wav,Call-${CALLERID(num)}-${EXTEN:2}-${STRFTIME(${EPOCH},,%Y%m%d-%H%M%S)},m)<br /> exten => _000812.,2,Dial(SIP/9031/${EXTEN:1}) <br /> exten => _000812.,3,Hangup <br /><br />;;GSM call to Telkomsel/Simpati<br /> exten => _000813.,1,Monitor(wav,Call-${CALLERID(num)}-${EXTEN:2}-${STRFTIME(${EPOCH},,%Y%m%d-%H%M%S)},m)<br /> exten => _000813.,2,Dial(SIP/9031/${EXTEN:1}) <br /> exten => _000813.,3,Hangup <br /><br />;GSM call to Telkomsel/As<br /> exten => _000852.,1,Monitor(wav,Call-${CALLERID(num)}-${EXTEN:2}-${STRFTIME(${EPOCH},,%Y%m%d-%H%M%S)},m)<br /> exten => _000852.,2,Dial(SIP/9031/${EXTEN:1}) <br /> exten => _000852.,3,Hangup <br /><br />;;GSM call to Telkomsel/As<br /> exten => _000853.,1,Monitor(wav,Call-${CALLERID(num)}-${EXTEN:2}-${STRFTIME(${EPOCH},,%Y%m%d-%H%M%S)},m)<br /> exten => _000853.,2,Dial(SIP/9031/${EXTEN:1}) <br /> exten => _000853.,3,Hangup <br /><br />;;GSM call to Indosat<br /> exten => _000814.,1,Monitor(wav,Call-${CALLERID(num)}-${EXTEN:2}-${STRFTIME(${EPOCH},,%Y%m%d-%H%M%S)},m)<br /> exten => _000814.,2,Dial(SIP/9031/${EXTEN:1}) <br /> exten => _000814.,3,Hangup <br /><br />;;GSM call to Indosat<br /> exten => _000815.,1,Monitor(wav,Call-${CALLERID(num)}-${EXTEN:2}-${STRFTIME(${EPOCH},,%Y%m%d-%H%M%S)},m)<br /> exten => _000815.,2,Dial(SIP/9031/${EXTEN:1}) <br /> exten => _000815.,3,Hangup <br /><br />;;GSM call to Indosat<br /> exten => _000816.,1,Monitor(wav,Call-${CALLERID(num)}-${EXTEN:2}-${STRFTIME(${EPOCH},,%Y%m%d-%H%M%S)},m)<br /> exten => _000816.,2,Dial(SIP/9031/${EXTEN:1}) <br /> exten => _000816.,3,Hangup <br /><br />;;GSM call to Indosat<br /> exten => _000855.,1,Monitor(wav,Call-${CALLERID(num)}-${EXTEN:2}-${STRFTIME(${EPOCH},,%Y%m%d-%H%M%S)},m)<br /> exten => _000855.,2,Dial(SIP/9031/${EXTEN:1}) <br /> exten => _000855.,3,Hangup <br /><br />;;GSM call to Indosat<br /> exten => _000856.,1,Monitor(wav,Call-${CALLERID(num)}-${EXTEN:2}-${STRFTIME(${EPOCH},,%Y%m%d-%H%M%S)},m)<br /> exten => _000856.,2,Dial(SIP/9031/${EXTEN:1}) <br /> exten => _000856.,3,Hangup <br /><br />;;GSM call to Indosat<br /> exten => _000857.,1,Monitor(wav,Call-${CALLERID(num)}-${EXTEN:2}-${STRFTIME(${EPOCH},,%Y%m%d-%H%M%S)},m)<br /> exten => _000857.,2,Dial(SIP/9031/${EXTEN:1}) <br /> exten => _000857.,3,Hangup <br /><br />;;GSM call to Indosat<br /> exten => _000858.,1,Monitor(wav,Call-${CALLERID(num)}-${EXTEN:2}-${STRFTIME(${EPOCH},,%Y%m%d-%H%M%S)},m)<br /> exten => _000858.,2,Dial(SIP/9031/${EXTEN:1}) <br /> exten => _000858.,3,Hangup <br /><br />;;GSM call to XL<br /> exten => _000817.,1,Monitor(wav,Call-${CALLERID(num)}-${EXTEN:2}-${STRFTIME(${EPOCH},,%Y%m%d-%H%M%S)},m)<br /> exten => _000817.,2,Dial(SIP/9032/${EXTEN:1}) <br /> exten => _000817.,3,Hangup <br /><br />;;GSM call to XL<br /> exten => _000818.,1,Monitor(wav,Call-${CALLERID(num)}-${EXTEN:2}-${STRFTIME(${EPOCH},,%Y%m%d-%H%M%S)},m)<br /> exten => _000818.,2,Dial(SIP/9032/${EXTEN:1}) <br /> exten => _000818.,3,Hangup <br /><br />;;GSM call to XL<br /> exten => _000819.,1,Monitor(wav,Call-${CALLERID(num)}-${EXTEN:2}-${STRFTIME(${EPOCH},,%Y%m%d-%H%M%S)},m)<br /> exten => _000819.,2,Dial(SIP/9032/${EXTEN:1}) <br /> exten => _000819.,3,Hangup <br /><br />;;GSM call to XL<br /> exten => _000859.,1,Monitor(wav,Call-${CALLERID(num)}-${EXTEN:2}-${STRFTIME(${EPOCH},,%Y%m%d-%H%M%S)},m)<br /> exten => _000859.,2,Dial(SIP/9032/${EXTEN:1}) <br /> exten => _000859.,3,Hangup <br /><br />;GSM call to XL<br /> exten => _000878.,1,Monitor(wav,Call-${CALLERID(num)}-${EXTEN:2}-${STRFTIME(${EPOCH},,%Y%m%d-%H%M%S)},m)<br /> exten => _000878.,2,Dial(SIP/9032/${EXTEN:1}) <br /> exten => _000878.,3,Hangup <br /><br />;GSM call to 3<br /> exten => _000898.,1,Monitor(wav,Call-${CALLERID(num)}-${EXTEN:2}-${STRFTIME(${EPOCH},,%Y%m%d-%H%M%S)},m)<br /> exten => _000898.,2,Dial(SIP/9032/${EXTEN:1}) <br /> exten => _000898.,3,Hangup <br /><br />;GSM call to 3<br /> exten => _000899.,1,Monitor(wav,Call-${CALLERID(num)}-${EXTEN:2}-${STRFTIME(${EPOCH},,%Y%m%d-%H%M%S)},m)<br /> exten => _000899.,2,Dial(SIP/9032/${EXTEN:1}) <br /> exten => _000899.,3,Hangup <br /><br />;;GSM call to Axis<br />; exten => _000831.,1,Monitor(wav,Call-${CALLERID(num)}-${EXTEN:2}-${STRFTIME(${EPOCH},,%Y%m%d-%H%M%S)},m)<br />; exten => _000831.,2,Dial(SIP/9032/${EXTEN:1}) <br />; exten => _000831.,3,Hangup <br /><br />;;GSM call to Axis<br />; exten => _000838.,1,Monitor(wav,Call-${CALLERID(num)}-${EXTEN:2}-${STRFTIME(${EPOCH},,%Y%m%d-%H%M%S)},m)<br />;exten => _000838.,2,Dial(SIP/9032/${EXTEN:1}) <br />;exten => _000838.,3,Hangup <br /><br /> include => global<br /> include => incoming<br /><br />[global]<br /> exten => _0.,1,Monitor(wav,Call-${CALLERID(num)}-${EXTEN:1}-${STRFTIME(${EPOCH},,%Y%m%d-%H%M%S)},m)<br /> exten => _0.,2,Dial(DAHDI/g1/${EXTEN:1}) <br /> exten => _0.,3,Hangup <br /> exten => _0.,103,Playback(en/tt-allbusy) <br /> exten => _0.,104,Hangup <br /><br />[recordings]<br /> exten => 500,1,Answer<br /> exten => 500,2,Playback(en/silakanrekamgreeting)<br /> exten => 500,3,Record(en/mymessage:gsm) <br /> exten => 500,4,Playback(en/pesananda) <br /> exten => 500,5,Playback(en/mymessage) <br /> exten => 500,6,Playback(en/tekan1)<br /> exten => 500,7,WaitExten(3)<br /><br /> exten => t,1,Playback(en/maafmohonulangi)<br /> exten => t,2,Goto(500,5)<br /><br /> exten => i,1,Playback(en/pesanandasalah)<br /> exten => i,2,Goto(500,5)<br /><br /> exten => 1,1,System(/bin/mv /var/lib/asterisk/sounds/en/mymessage.gsm /var/lib/asterisk/sounds/en/autoattendant.gsm)<br /> exten => 1,2,Playback(en/terimakasih)<br /> exten => 1,3,Playback(en/tekan3)<br /><br /> exten => 2,1,Goto(500,1)<br /> exten => 3,1,Goto(500,1)<br /> exten => 4,1,Hangup<br /><br /> include => internal-sip<br /><br />[local]<br />;<br />; Master context for local, toll-free, and iaxtel calls only<br />;<br /> ignorepat => 9<br /> include => default<br /> include => parkedcalls<br /> include => internal-sip<br /><br />[default]<br /> include => internal-sip<br /><br />I know it seems make pain in your head, so now take a cup of coffee, read the above configuration carefully until it comes up into your dream :-) . I will explain everything in the next post.<br /><br />Have a lot of fun. M. Edwin Zakariahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16030000917025038396noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6986155956525736502.post-68593352236483640192012-10-27T22:28:00.003+07:002012-10-27T22:28:52.015+07:00Asterisk 1.6.1 on openSUSE 11.1 (Part 2)In this second part I will explain step-by-step configuration to use our appliance to build an Asterisk PABX server. Without further ado, here is the list:<br />
<br />
Install the Digium card on the PCI slot<br />
<br />
Install our appliance. You can also use any linux distribution, download asterisk from its website and install it.<br />
<ul>
</ul>
<ul>
</ul>
There are several softwares I forget when I made the appliance, it is not the mandatory (dependencies) but they are useful when we want to use asterisk optimally. They are: mpg123, sox, libmad, and festival. The easiest way to install it in openSUSE is using zypper. Check it first where they reside in repositories and add the repositories accordingly. mpg123 and sox are in the packman repositoriy, libmad in OBS (please check with webpin) and festival in oss. Then as root run: "zypper install mpg123 sox libmad0 festival".<br />
It is always useful to update your installation to update repository, to make sure that all the security update is up to date.<br />
<br />
Download the latest dahdi from trunk and install it. Don't forget you should connected to internet to run this command as root<br />
<ul>
</ul>
“svn co http://svn.digium.com/svn/dahdi/linux/trunk dahdi-linux”<br />
<br />
“cd dahdi-linux”<br />
<br />
“make”<br />
<br />
and follow the instructions on the screen.<br />
<br />
If all the installation successful, then you will have :<br />
<br />
/etc/dahdi/<br />
<br />
/etc/asterisk/<br />
<br />
/var/lib/asterisk/<br />
<br />
/var/spool/asterisk/<br />
<br />
/etc/init.d/dahdi<br />
<br />
/etc/init.d/asterisk161<br />
<br />
/usr/sbin/asterisk<br />
<br />
/usr/sbin/dahdi_genconf (and several dahdi-tools files)<br />
<br />
Connect the telephone line(s) to your digium. Make sure that all the telephone lines are functioning before you connect it (please pay your bill if you don't to that yet, otherwise the announcement in the telephone lines will screw up your asterisk :-)).<br />
As root run “/usr/sbin/dahdi_genconf”. This command will generate the automatic configuration for digium card in file /etc/dahdi/system.conf. In my server it contains:<br />
# Autogenerated by /usr/sbin/dahdi_genconf on Tue Nov 17 18:38:30 2009<br />
# If you edit this file and execute /usr/sbin/dahdi_genconf again, <br />
# your manual changes will be LOST. <br />
# Dahdi Configuration File <br />
# <br />
# This file is parsed by the Dahdi Configurator, dahdi_cfg <br />
# <br />
# Span 1: WCTDM/0 "Wildcard TDM410P Board 1" (MASTER) <br />
fxsks=1 <br />
echocanceller=mg2,1 <br />
fxsks=2<br />
echocanceller=mg2,2<br />
fxsks=3<br />
echocanceller=mg2,3<br />
fxsks=4<br />
echocanceller=mg2,4<br />
<br />
# Span 2: WCTDM/1 "Wildcard TDM410P Board 2"<br />
fxsks=5<br />
echocanceller=mg2,5<br />
fxsks=6<br />
echocanceller=mg2,6<br />
fxsks=7<br />
echocanceller=mg2,7<br />
fxsks=8<br />
echocanceller=mg2,8<br />
<br />
# Span 3: WCTDM/2 "Wildcard TDM410P Board 3"<br />
fxsks=9<br />
echocanceller=mg2,9<br />
fxsks=10<br />
echocanceller=mg2,10<br />
fxsks=11<br />
echocanceller=mg2,11<br />
fxsks=12<br />
echocanceller=mg2,12<br />
<br />
# Global data<br />
<br />
loadzone = nl<br />
defaultzone = nl<br />
<br />
Actually default loadzone and defaultzone is “us” but I change it to “nl” which is according to ITU is close to Indonesia signaling system. Please check ITU Operational Bulletin No. 781 – 1.II.2003. At least busy tone, congestion tone, and dial tone are running in the same frequency and cadence. If you want you can also rebuild asterisk so that it already contain the frequency and cadence for your country.<br />
<br />
Besides /etc/dahdi/system.conf, dahdi_genconf will also automatically configure the file /etc/asterisk/dahdi-channels.conf. In my installation the content of the file is:<br />
<br />
; Autogenerated by /usr/sbin/dahdi_genconf on Tue Nov 17 18:38:30 2009<br />
; If you edit this file and execute /usr/sbin/dahdi_genconf again, <br />
; your manual changes will be LOST. <br />
; Dahdi Channels Configurations (chan_dahdi.conf) <br />
; <br />
; This is not intended to be a complete chan_dahdi.conf. Rather, it is intended<br />
; to be #include-d by /etc/chan_dahdi.conf that will include the global settings<br />
; <br />
<br />
; Span 1: WCTDM/0 "Wildcard TDM410P Board 1" (MASTER) <br />
;;; line="1 WCTDM/0/0" <br />
signalling=fxs_ks <br />
callerid=asreceived <br />
group=0 <br />
context=from-pstn <br />
channel => 1 <br />
callerid= <br />
group= <br />
context=default <br />
<br />
;;; line="2 WCTDM/0/1"<br />
signalling=fxs_ks <br />
callerid=asreceived <br />
group=0 <br />
context=from-pstn <br />
channel => 2 <br />
callerid= <br />
group= <br />
context=default <br />
<br />
;;; line="3 WCTDM/0/2"<br />
signalling=fxs_ks <br />
callerid=asreceived <br />
group=0 <br />
context=from-pstn <br />
channel => 3 <br />
callerid= <br />
group= <br />
context=default <br />
<br />
;;; line="4 WCTDM/0/3"<br />
signalling=fxs_ks <br />
callerid=asreceived <br />
group=0 <br />
context=from-pstn <br />
channel => 4 <br />
callerid= <br />
group= <br />
context=default <br />
<br />
<br />
; Span 2: WCTDM/1 "Wildcard TDM410P Board 2" <br />
;;; line="5 WCTDM/1/0" <br />
signalling=fxs_ks <br />
callerid=asreceived <br />
group=0 <br />
context=from-pstn <br />
channel => 5 <br />
callerid= <br />
group= <br />
context=default <br />
<br />
;;; line="6 WCTDM/1/1"<br />
signalling=fxs_ks <br />
callerid=asreceived <br />
group=0 <br />
context=from-pstn <br />
channel => 6 <br />
callerid= <br />
group= <br />
context=default <br />
<br />
;;; line="7 WCTDM/1/2"<br />
signalling=fxs_ks <br />
callerid=asreceived <br />
group=0 <br />
context=from-pstn <br />
channel => 7 <br />
callerid= <br />
group= <br />
context=default <br />
<br />
;;; line="8 WCTDM/1/3"<br />
signalling=fxs_ks <br />
callerid=asreceived <br />
group=0 <br />
context=from-pstn <br />
channel => 8 <br />
callerid= <br />
group= <br />
context=default <br />
<br />
<br />
; Span 3: WCTDM/2 "Wildcard TDM410P Board 3" <br />
;;; line="9 WCTDM/2/0" <br />
signalling=fxs_ks <br />
callerid=asreceived <br />
group=0 <br />
context=from-pstn <br />
channel => 9 <br />
callerid= <br />
group= <br />
context=default <br />
<br />
;;; line="10 WCTDM/2/1"<br />
signalling=fxs_ks<br />
callerid=asreceived<br />
group=0<br />
context=from-pstn<br />
channel => 10<br />
callerid=<br />
group=<br />
context=default<br />
<br />
;;; line="11 WCTDM/2/2"<br />
signalling=fxs_ks<br />
callerid=asreceived<br />
group=0<br />
context=from-pstn<br />
channel => 11<br />
callerid=<br />
group=<br />
context=default<br />
<br />
;;; line="12 WCTDM/2/3"<br />
signalling=fxs_ks<br />
callerid=asreceived<br />
group=0<br />
context=from-pstn<br />
channel => 12<br />
callerid=<br />
group=<br />
context=default<br />
<br />
The core of the asterisk configuration is dialplan. Dialplan manage how asterisk handle all the incoming and outgoing call. It can consist of 3 lines but also can reach tenth or hundreds lines, depends on how the complexity of our configuration. We can also use macro feature on asterisk. Dialplan is placed on /etc/asterisk/extensions.conf. My extensions.conf manage how the incoming call should be handled, how to make outgoing call to PSTN, GSM line and sip extensions, how to make conference call, how to connect to other asterisk server using IAX2 protocol, use the monitor application to record the conversation and how to make greeting. I will explain our extensions.conf in more detail in the next post together with sip.conf, iax.conf, meetme.conf and voicemail.conf.<br />
<br />
Stay tuned and have a lot of fun :-) M. Edwin Zakariahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16030000917025038396noreply@blogger.com3tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6986155956525736502.post-12491119684712084882012-10-27T17:01:00.001+07:002012-10-27T17:01:05.422+07:00Asterisk 1.6.1 on openSUSE 11.1 (Part 1)In several articles from this one, I will share some of my experience in preparing emergency operation center for disaster management in Indonesia. One of the software we implement in this project is Asterisk. I use Asterisk 1.6.1.5 from openSUSE repository. Actually I built a custom 64 bit appliance using KDE 4.3 from factory repositories through SUSE Studio and took Asterisk from openSUSE Build Service repositories. Well, it was a couple years ago (by the time I submit this post), but I believe it still useful for anyone learning Asterisk :-) I also used DAHDI (Digium Asterisk Hardware Device Interface), but during the implementation I have a problem with Indonesia PSTN telephone signaling so I should download dahdi trunk version from digium subversion server to make the digium card works.<br />
<br />
Here are the hardware I use:<br />
<ul>
<li>2 HP tower based server with 8 GB memory (it is overkill actually, but the owner insist it) running in high availability. See the pictures <a href="https://picasaweb.google.com/110554031246799489445/Crf2009Denpasar#5401298882347340418" target="_blank">here</a> and <a href="https://picasaweb.google.com/110554031246799489445/Crf2009Prep#5388217835740859218" target="_blank">here</a>.</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>10 PSTN lines</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li><a href="https://picasaweb.google.com/110554031246799489445/Crf2009Prep#5388219550964341106" target="_blank">3 Digium TDM 410P cards</a> (with 4 FXO ports per card and hardware echo canceler) per server</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>several <a href="https://picasaweb.google.com/110554031246799489445/Crf2009Denpasar#5401700019060709666" target="_blank">RJ12 coupler</a></li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>RJ 12 cables</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li><a href="https://picasaweb.google.com/110554031246799489445/Crf2009Denpasar#5401298725955237010" target="_blank">2 Zed-3 GS8 GSM gateway</a>, each with 2 GSM modules</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>Several <a href="https://picasaweb.google.com/110554031246799489445/Crf2009Denpasar#5389322570809874898" target="_blank">Polycom IP-330 with PoE</a></li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>Polycom <a href="https://picasaweb.google.com/110554031246799489445/Crf2009Denpasar#5401287777769774434" target="_blank">KIRK Wireless Server 600V3</a></li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>Several <a href="https://picasaweb.google.com/110554031246799489445/Crf2009Denpasar#5389322573388487906" target="_blank">Polycom DECT 3040 Wireless Handset</a></li>
</ul>
Well, Digium and Polycom price are expensive but the quality of the sound is very good. There are some alternatives for the IP Phone like Grandstream and Aastra that also can be used.<br />
In this project, Asterisk will be use to setup the voip communication between this site in Denpasar/Bali with the headquarter (HQ) in Jakarta as well as with other regional center in Java and Sumatera. Also Asterisk will act as traditional PBX to connect this site to PSTN lines as well as to GSM/CDMA lines. Every conversation through the PABX will be recorded by monitor application in Asterisk.<br />
<br />
Before we go any further lets discuss a logical design about our setup. There is one HQ and several remote site including this one in Bali. This site is special because it's also act as second node beside HQ that can receive and transmit voip traffic to other center. The setup of every site is similar like the diagram below.<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhT29Me16LQSjJPEh_2-wZR_3gS0IaQKomAWiUMUeyLze04ruHmAUA0JWBvbWd2vRG-9-yup12R2TfKFBXDCno21GGOgHhV6Qbayz4XFqBLRjgsAo-hliTLCjMZNATrPqpzUmvTcaZWJ5xK/s1600/pabx-ipphone-conf.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhT29Me16LQSjJPEh_2-wZR_3gS0IaQKomAWiUMUeyLze04ruHmAUA0JWBvbWd2vRG-9-yup12R2TfKFBXDCno21GGOgHhV6Qbayz4XFqBLRjgsAo-hliTLCjMZNATrPqpzUmvTcaZWJ5xK/s1600/pabx-ipphone-conf.png" /></a></div>
All the digium card provide 12 lines of PSTN, in this case we only use 10 lines. We then use RJ 12 coupler so that every line goes to 2 PBX server, PABXSV1 and PABXSV2. The PABXSV2 will become the backup asterisk in case the PABXSV1 is downed. We can use vrrpd or heartbeat (with DRBD) to control the service so that PABXSV2 can take over all the service from PABXSV1. More on this later.<br /><br />I use stock asterisk and dahdi from OBS. While the asterisk is ok, dahdi in the OBS is not sufficient for Indonesia telephone lines (at least at the time I made the appliance). The root cause of the problem is that Indonesia PSTN line provided by Telkom is already equipped with the CID (caller identifier) but the service is not open to the end customer until the customer pay the service charge. But actually the CID is there and asterisk knows it but cannot open it. So it can answer the ring but if another call comes, suddenly it get confuse how to handle it and hangup the line. Off course we should make a good configuration not just downloading the trunk version.<br /><br />I should thanks some good people who currently help me maintain the server, I should mentioned here:<br /><br />Pak Wayan Sudana, Ketua KPLI Bali<br />Mas Adhi Wus, linuxer dari Denpasar<br />Mas Yan Arief (dkk), openSUSE user dari Yogyakarta<br />
<br />In the next post I will explain some configuration that I used, till then keep safe and have a lot of fun. M. Edwin Zakariahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16030000917025038396noreply@blogger.com3tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6986155956525736502.post-89601102939409517382012-04-30T01:49:00.004+07:002012-04-30T01:49:29.586+07:00Ini Adalah Sebuah ProsesSetelah sekian lama tidak menulis, saya beranikan untuk menulis lagi walau kali ini mungkin tulisan saya terkesan berkeluh kesah :-) Saya memang menghindari menulis di blog ini selama beberapa waktu, terakhir sekitar bulan Maret 2011 saat openSUSE 11.4 dirilis. Sekarang 12.1 sudah rilis ya kemarin. Kudos to all. Ya memang ada beberapa perubahan mendasar seperti systemd, silakan dibaca-baca dulu dari sumber-sumber di internet apa sih systemd itu (<i>just search in google, o iya thanks to Lennart Poettering and Kay Sievers for the breakthrough and brave move!</i>).<br /><br />Back to the laptop eh.. subyek ... whatever it is, saya tidak menulis karena saya takut suasana pekerjaan saya mempengaruhi tulisan saya. Iya kali ini pekerjaan saya menguras emosi dan logika saya he..he...he... Sebagai seorang "opensource believer" yang dapat kerjaan untuk menyebarkannya di kalangan pendidikan dasar dan menengah ternyata membuat saya hampir putus asa. Hanya kesadaran bahwa apa yang saya lakukan ini mungkin bisa dinilai Tuhan sebagai amal jariah agar anak-anak dan adik-adik kita menjadi generasi yang lebih baik dari generasi saya yang membuat saya tetap bertahan. Dan mungkin juga karena saya seorang pemimpi <i>that just want to make my dream come true</i> :-)<br /><br />Saya bolak-balik Jakarta dan tempat kerja saya, about 600 km several times in a month. Seringkali saya menemukan hal-hal yang tidak sesuai dengan hati kecil saya. Dalam satu acara, seorang pendidik mempresentasikan hasil kerjanya yang penuh dengan "right to copy" tanpa memperhatikan aspek legalitas suatu karya. Saya katakan mohon jika mengutip pekerjaan orang lain pelajari dulu lisensinya, proprietary, gpl, Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike atau apa? Kita sering menyalahkan orang melakukan korupsi atau menghakimi orang yang mencuri, tetapi kita membiasakan diri melakukannya dan memberi contoh kepada anak didik mengenai pencurian hak cipta. <i>What a mess</i> :-( Mengapa berlaku jujur menjadi suatu hal yang sulit dilakukan?<br /><br />Saya juga agak kecewa ketika membaca adanya pelajaran yang kurikulumnya disusun oleh Kementerian Pendidikan dan menyebutkan penggunaan software proprietary dengan gamblang. Kenapa kita selalu terjebak dengan hal-hal yang membuat hidup ini seperti tidak ada pilihan. Berikanlah kebebasan atas pilihan-pilhan dalam hidup ini, niscaya orang akan bertanggungjawab terhadap pilihan yang mereka lakukan. Ketika tahun 2009 saya ditawari pekerjaan ini sebenarnya pada saat yang sama ada satu tawaran dari sebuah perusahaan high-tech multinasional bermarkas di Eropa pada saya yang kalau dilihat dari sisi finansial berkali lipat besarnya. Saat itu saya menolaknya dengan pertimbangan kapan lagi saya bisa menyumbangkan sesuatu bagi perkembangan opensource sekaligus memberikan sumbangsih bagi kemajuan pendidikan di Indonesia. Tetapi sekarang saya kadang merasa mungkin pilihan saya waktu itu salah, saya agak frustasi dengan kondisi implementasi, kemampuan dan kemauan guru untuk menggunakan opensource, serta yang paling berat adalah kurikulum yang terasa tidak pro opensource. Saya merasa tidak akan berhasil.<br /><br />Saat ini saya belum menyerah, bulan-bulan ke depan ini akan menjadi bulan-bulan yang sibuk. Kita akan melanjutkan implementasi di lebih dari 200 sekolah, menyempurnakan pusat data dan memperbaiki kondisi koneksi ke pusat data. Semangat harus dikumpulkan, logika dan emosi harus dijaga ketahanannya, hampir setiap hari saya jogging untuik mengimbangi <i>this turbulence condition</i>. Tidak mudah mencapai suatu tujuan, ini adalah sebuah proses.M. Edwin Zakariahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16030000917025038396noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6986155956525736502.post-88829863234927010212012-04-30T01:43:00.004+07:002012-04-30T01:44:47.117+07:00Proyek Penerjemahan Dokumentasi openSUSEMengingat pengguna openSUSE di Indonesia yang semakin lama semakin banyak jumlahnya, Andi Sugandi, Ketua openSUSE-Indonesia, dan saya terlibat dalam suatu diskusi kecil melalui email dan twitter untuk coba mengangkat kemungkinan menterjemahkan dokumentasi openSUSE ke dalam Bahasa Indonesia. Secara infrastruktur pihak openSUSE, melalui Frank Sundermeyer sebagai dokumenter openSUSE juga sudah menyediakan fasilitas svn untuk proyek ini dalam server svn mereka. <br />
<br />
Tentu saja saya membutukan banyak bantuan dan kontribusi dari rekan-reakan sekalian. Jadi sekiranya anda menguasai Bahasa Inggris setidaknya pasif, ada keinginan untuk berkontribusi, punya waktu, dan komitmen memajukan openSUSE di Indonesia, maka anda bisa bergabung ke dalam tim ini. Mengenai hal teknis, bagaimana cara penerjemahannya, bagaimana pembagian kerjanya, tools apa yang dipakai nanti akan kita jelaskan melalui online meeting melalui IRC dan tulisan di blog setelah ada rekan-rekan yang tertarik terlibat. Anda tidak perlu punya pengalaman lain selain hal yang disebutkan di atas untuk dapat bergabung ke dalam proyek ini. Tentu saja kalau anda pengguna openSUSE dan biasa menggunakan emacs, vim atau jedit tentu akan menjadi nilai lebih. <br />
<br />
Perlu ditegaskan di sini tidak ada imbalan materi apapun yang akan anda perloleh dalam proyek ini, jadi anda akan bekerja berdasarkan kesadaran bahwa anda membagikan kebahagiaan menggunakan openSUSE kepada orang lain. Tentu saja kami akan memberikan kredit dan menuliskan nama anda dalam tim penerjemah pada dokumen yang dibuat.<br />
<br />
Jika berminat segera daftarkan diri anda melalui email ke andisugandi@opensuse.org dan cc ke medwin@opensuse.org, dengan subyek : tim penerjemah dokumentasi openSUSE dan mencantumkan nama, umur, lokasi/tempat tinggal, YM, irc nick/cloack, twitter,<br />
Kami tunggu partisipasi anda semua.<br />
<br />
Have a lot of funM. Edwin Zakariahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16030000917025038396noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6986155956525736502.post-73441868869902488592012-04-30T01:35:00.002+07:002012-04-30T01:38:29.267+07:00Bandwidth Shaper Script di openSUSE<br />
<br />
# Tulisan ini digunakan sebagai bahan dasar saja untuk memahami<br />
# Dibuat sudah lama sekali dan mungkin ada yang deprecated<br />
# <i>Use at your own risk </i><br />
<br />
Seorang rekan menanyakan kenapa mengkonfigurasi openSuSE koq susah sekali. Katanya untuk ngejalanin script sederhana membuat default route aja musti ngebuat script yang njlimet. He…he..he….<br />
Dia bilang kalau di RedHat dan turunannya seperti Fedora dan Centos khan ada rc.local, terus kalau di openSUSE padanannya apa?<br />
<br />
OK. Sebetulnya masalah ini sudah pernah saya bahas diblog saya yang dulu dan dibeberapa email saya tapi tak mengapa saya ulang lagi di sini dan saya tambahkan beberapa hal yang saya anggap relevan karena kebetulan ada juga yang nanya tentang load balancing trafik internet ke dua gateway dan implementasi htb (hierarchical tocken bucket) untuk traffic shaping.<br />
<br />
Jadi saya akan menjelaskan implementasi load balancing, traffic shaping dan rc.local di openSuSE sekaligus, mumpung lagi ada kesempatan nulis.<br />
<br />
<br />
<b>LOAD BALANCING TRAFIK INTERNET</b><br />
<br />
Di tempat saya koneksi internet terhubung ke dua ISP, LC 128 kbps ke ISP-A dan ADSL ke ISP-B. Singkat cerita saya menggunakan sebuah server dengan 3 ethernet card<br />
<br />
eth0 ip address 202.158.xx.yyy netmask 255.255.255.240 gw 202.158.xx.yyy<br />
eth1 ip address 10.0.50.5 netmask 255.255.255.248 gw 10.0.50.1<br />
eth2 ip address 192.168.117.171 netmask 255.255.255.0 gw 192.168.117.171<br />
<br />
Untuk load balancing trafik ini saya mengacu pada dokumen <a href="http://lartc.org/" target="_blank">LARTC (Linux Advanced Routing & Traffic Control) How To</a> yang disusun oleh Bert Hubert (thanks Om Bert). Syarat untuk load balancing adalah sudah terinstallnya paket iproute2, yang sudah terinstall saat saya menginstall openSUSE 10.3.<br />
<br />
Selanjutnya<br />
<br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
# pertama hapus semua default route dari ip route<br />
#<br />
ip route del default<br />
ip route del 10.0.50.0/29<br />
ip route del 202.158.xx.zzz/28<br />
ip route del 169.254.0.0/16<br />
<br />
# tambah ip route yang masuk akal<br />
#<br />
<br />
ip route add 10.0.50.0/29 dev eth1 proto kernel scope link src 10.0.50.5<br />
ip route add 202.158.xx.zzz/28 dev eth0 proto kernel scope link src 202.158.xx.xxx<br />
<br />
# tambah juga load balancing default route (ip router anda)<br />
# weight menandakan mana yang lebih anda pilih, 2 > 1<br />
ip route add default scope global \<br />
nexthop via 202.158.xx.yyy dev eth0 weight 1 \<br />
nexthop via 10.0.50.1 dev eth1 weight 2<br />
<br />
# tambah table policy routing<br />
#<br />
ip route add via 202.158.xx.yyy dev eth0 src 202.158.xx.xxx table ISP-A<br />
ip route add via 10.0.50.1 dev eth1 src 10.0.50.5 table ISP-B<br />
<br />
# ini musti ditest sometimes we need this<br />
ip route add 192.168.117.0/24 dev eth4 table ISP-A<br />
ip route add 10.0.50.0/29 dev eth1 table ISP-A<br />
ip route add 127.0.0.0/8 dev lo table ISP-A<br />
ip route add 192.168.117.0/24 dev eth4 table ISP-B<br />
ip route add 202.158.xx.yyy/28 dev eth0 table ISP-B<br />
ip route add 127.0.0.0/8 dev lo table ISP-B<br />
<br />
# jangan lupa setup dua ip rule agar sistem menggunakan policy routing diatas<br />
#<br />
ip rule add from 202.158.xx.xxx table ISP-A<br />
ip rule add from 10.0.50.5 table ISP-B<br />
<br />
# setting IP masquerade<br />
#<br />
iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -s 192.168.117.0/24 -d 0/0 -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE<br />
iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -s 192.168.117.0/24 -d 0/0 -o eth1 -j MASQUERADE<br />
<br />
# set TOS field agar router gak bingung, supaya ssh dan ftp bisa jalan<br />
<br />
iptables -t mangle -A PREROUTING -j TOS –set-tos 0x00<br />
iptables -t mangle -A OUTPUT -j TOS –set-tos 0x00</blockquote>
<br />
perlu diingat bahwa balancing disini tidak sempurna, karena route based, dan routes di-cache. Jadi route ke site yang sering dikunjungi akan selalu melaui provider yang sama.<br />
Contoh di server ini kalau saya traceroute www.detik.com akan selalu lewat ISP-A dan traceroute www.republika.co.id akan selalu melalui ISP-B.<br />
<br />
<br />
<b>TRAFFIC SHAPING</b><br />
<br />
Tujuan traffic shaping di sini adalah (tentu saja anda bisa melakukan shaping dengan tujuan lain he..he…he..):<br />
- menjaga low latency untuk interactive trafic, jangan sampai upload atau download mengganggu ssh.<br />
- menjaga agar browsing berjalan pada reasonable speeds sementara melalukan up atau downloading.<br />
- menjaga agar upload tidak mengganggu download dan sebaliknya.<br />
- menandakan port atau host yang sering memakan traffic sebagai low priority.<br />
<br />
Ada banyak sumber di intenet misalnya <a href="http://www.topwebhosts.org/tools/traffic-control.php" target="_blank">tulisan ini</a> dan favorit saya adalah sekali lagi om Bert dengan dokumen <a href="http://lartc.org/howto/lartc.cookbook.ultimate-tc.html" target="_blank">LARTC</a>. Jangan lupa baca pre-requisites untuk menjalankan HTB dan pastikan kernel anda mendukungnya.<br />
<br />
Implementasi di tempat saya sederhana saja seperti di bawah:<br />
<br />
untuk eth0 dan eth1:<br />
<br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
DOWNLINK=96 # untuk eth0, untuk eth1 –> DOWNLINK=288<br />
UPLINK=80 # untuk eth0, untuk eth1 –> UPLINK=20<br />
DEV=eth0 # ganti dengan eth1 untuk eth1<br />
<br />
# low priority OUTGOING traffic - you can leave this blank if you want<br />
# low priority source netmasks<br />
NOPRIOHOSTSRC=<br />
<br />
# low priority destination netmasks<br />
NOPRIOHOSTDST=<br />
<br />
# low priority source ports<br />
NOPRIOPORTSRC=<br />
<br />
# low priority destination ports<br />
NOPRIOPORTDST=<br />
<br />
if [ "$1" = "status" ]<br />
then<br />
tc -s qdisc ls dev $DEV<br />
tc -s class ls dev $DEV<br />
exit<br />
fi<br />
<br />
# clean existing down- and uplink qdiscs, hide errors<br />
tc qdisc del dev $DEV root 2> /dev/null > /dev/null<br />
tc qdisc del dev $DEV ingress 2> /dev/null > /dev/null<br />
<br />
if [ "$1" = "stop" ]<br />
then<br />
exit<br />
fi<br />
<br />
###### uplink<br />
<br />
# install root HTB, point default traffic to 1:20:<br />
<br />
tc qdisc add dev $DEV root handle 1: htb default 20<br />
<br />
# shape everything at $UPLINK speed - this prevents huge queues in your<br />
# DSL modem which destroy latency:<br />
<br />
tc class add dev $DEV parent 1: classid 1:1 htb rate ${UPLINK}kbit burst 6k<br />
<br />
# high prio class 1:10:<br />
<br />
tc class add dev $DEV parent 1:1 classid 1:10 htb rate ${UPLINK}kbit \<br />
burst 6k prio 1<br />
<br />
# bulk & default class 1:20 - gets slightly less traffic,<br />
# and a lower priority:<br />
<br />
tc class add dev $DEV parent 1:1 classid 1:20 htb rate $[9*$UPLINK/10]kbit \<br />
burst 6k prio 2<br />
<br />
tc class add dev $DEV parent 1:1 classid 1:30 htb rate $[8*$UPLINK/10]kbit \<br />
burst 6k prio 2<br />
<br />
# all get Stochastic Fairness:<br />
tc qdisc add dev $DEV parent 1:10 handle 10: sfq perturb 10<br />
tc qdisc add dev $DEV parent 1:20 handle 20: sfq perturb 10<br />
tc qdisc add dev $DEV parent 1:30 handle 30: sfq perturb 10<br />
<br />
# TOS Minimum Delay (ssh, NOT scp) in 1:10:<br />
<br />
tc filter add dev $DEV parent 1:0 protocol ip prio 10 u32 \<br />
match ip tos 0x10 0xff flowid 1:10<br />
<br />
# ICMP (ip protocol 1) in the interactive class 1:10 so we<br />
# can do measurements & impress our friends:<br />
tc filter add dev $DEV parent 1:0 protocol ip prio 10 u32 \<br />
match ip protocol 1 0xff flowid 1:10<br />
<br />
# To speed up downloads while an upload is going on, put ACK packets in<br />
# the interactive class:<br />
<br />
tc filter add dev $DEV parent 1: protocol ip prio 10 u32 \<br />
match ip protocol 6 0xff \<br />
match u8 0x05 0x0f at 0 \<br />
match u16 0x0000 0xffc0 at 2 \<br />
match u8 0x10 0xff at 33 \<br />
flowid 1:10<br />
<br />
# rest is ‘non-interactive’ ie ‘bulk’ and ends up in 1:20<br />
<br />
# some traffic however suffers a worse fate<br />
for a in $NOPRIOPORTDST<br />
do<br />
tc filter add dev $DEV parent 1: protocol ip prio 14 u32 \<br />
match ip dport $a 0xffff flowid 1:30<br />
done<br />
<br />
for a in $NOPRIOPORTSRC<br />
do<br />
tc filter add dev $DEV parent 1: protocol ip prio 15 u32 \<br />
match ip sport $a 0xffff flowid 1:30<br />
done<br />
<br />
for a in $NOPRIOHOSTSRC<br />
do<br />
tc filter add dev $DEV parent 1: protocol ip prio 16 u32 \<br />
match ip src $a flowid 1:30<br />
done<br />
<br />
for a in $NOPRIOHOSTDST<br />
do<br />
tc filter add dev $DEV parent 1: protocol ip prio 17 u32 \<br />
match ip dst $a flowid 1:30<br />
done<br />
<br />
# rest is ‘non-interactive’ ie ‘bulk’ and ends up in 1:20<br />
<br />
tc filter add dev $DEV parent 1: protocol ip prio 18 u32 \<br />
match ip dst 0.0.0.0/0 flowid 1:20<br />
<br />
########## downlink #############<br />
# slow downloads down to somewhat less than the real speed to prevent<br />
# queuing at our ISP. Tune to see how high you can set it.<br />
# ISPs tend to have *huge* queues to make sure big downloads are fast<br />
#<br />
# attach ingress policer:<br />
<br />
tc qdisc add dev $DEV handle ffff: ingress<br />
<br />
# filter *everything* to it (0.0.0.0/0), drop everything that’s<br />
# coming in too fast:<br />
<br />
tc filter add dev $DEV parent ffff: protocol ip prio 50 u32 match ip src \<br />
0.0.0.0/0 police rate ${DOWNLINK}kbit burst 10k drop flowid :1</blockquote>
<br />
Script ini bekerja cukup baik pada ADSL tapi harus dicoba-coba sampai didapat nilai optimum untuk nilai di DOWNLINK dan UPLINK. Masalah umum ADSL adalah kecepatan upload yang jauh dibawah kecepatan download, dan karena sifat TCP/IP yang terus mengirim paket sampai akhirnya tidak ada tempat lagi untuk paket, biasanya modem akan hang. Dengan kecepatan dowload yang kencang biasanya user terus mendownload beberapa sites sekaligus sehingga akumulasi upload menjadi besar. Bila traffic upload ini mencapai modem ADSL maka modem akan hang.<br />
<br />
Karena itu harus diatur agar traffic upload kita kontrol dan tidak mencapai modem ADSL hal ini dilakukan dengan menurunkan nilai UPLOAD sampai nilai optimum. Hal ini tercapai jika network latency mencapai nilai terendah dan network tidak putus. Lebih jauh silakan baca pada dokumen LARTC Om Bert di atas.<br />
<br />
<br />
<b>rc.local di openSUSE</b><br />
<br />
Tidak ada rc.local di openSUSE (he..he…he…)<br />
Kalau kita lihat di RedHat (dan cloningnya) rc.local dijalankan setelah semua service selesai dijalankan di run level 5. Ini gak ada padanannya di openSUSE.<br />
<br />
User biasanya mengira boot.local di /etc/init.d adalah padanan dari rc.local. Ini adalah perkiraan yang salah karena boot.local akan jalan paling awal sebelum service-service yang lain dijalankan. Sehingga seringkali user membuat script iptables dan disisipkan pada boot.local kemudian komplain karena scriptnya tidak jalan. Ini terjadi karena script iptables dipanggil sebelum service network dikonfigurasi di run level 3 sehingga sudah pasti tidak akan berfungsi.<br />
<br />
Di openSUSE kita harus mengetahui pada saat mana script kita harus jalan apa saja syarat yang dibutuhkan, walaupun umumnya akan jalan di run level 3 dan 5. Misalnya kita ingin menjalankan script load balancing di atas, maka sebelum script ini jalan service network harus sudah jalan dulu.<br />
<br />
Untuk dasar dari script tersebut kita dapat menggunakan file /etc/init.d/skeleton sebagai dasar, walaupun tidak tertutup kemungkinan menggunakan script lain seperti yang akan saya contohkan.<br />
<br />
Script untuk traffic shapper:<br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
#!/bin/sh<br />
#<br />
#<br />
# /etc/init.d/bwshaper_eth0<br />
#<br />
### BEGIN INIT INFO<br />
# Provides: bwshaper_eth0<br />
# Required-Start: $network<br />
# Should-Start:<br />
# Required-Stop:<br />
# Should-Stop:<br />
# Default-Start: 3 5<br />
# Default-Stop: 0 1 2 6<br />
# Short-Description: Custom shapping using htb for eth0 to ISP-A<br />
# Description: decreased the upload traffic on eth0 to ISP-A by doing queuing using htb,<br />
# script by medwin@gmail.com<br />
### END INIT INFO<br />
#<br />
<br />
test -s /etc/rc.status && . /etc/rc.status && rc_reset<br />
<br />
case "$1" in<br />
start )<br />
<br />
## letakkan script and di sini<br />
<br />
rc_status -v<br />
;;<br />
stop)<br />
# ok kita test<br />
;;<br />
<br />
esac<br />
<br />
rc_exit<br />
<br />
# end of script</blockquote>
<br />
Script di atas hanya satu contoh sederhana saja. Perhatikan bagian:<br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
### BEGIN INIT INFO<br />
# Provides: bwshaper_eth0 —> ini nama service anda<br />
# Required-Start: $network —> ini adalah service yang harus jalan sebelum script anda di jalankan<br />
# Should-Start:<br />
# Required-Stop:<br />
# Should-Stop:<br />
# Default-Start: 3 5 —> ini run level script anda bekerja<br />
# Default-Stop: 0 1 2 6<br />
# Short-Description: Custom shapping using htb for eth0 to ISP-A<br />
# Description: decreased the upload traffic on eth0 to ISP-A by doing queuing using htb, script by medwin@gmail.com<br />
### END INIT INFO</blockquote>
bagian ini akan dipelajari oleh insserv untuk menjalankan script anda pada run level berapa.<br />
Copy script anda di /etc/init.d<br />
Untuk memasukkan service anda ke service maka daftarkan dengan perintah<br />
<br />
> insserv (nama service)<br />
<br />
kemudian check dengan<br />
<br />
> chkconfig –list<br />
<br />
untuk mengetahui kalau service anda sudah masuk ke daftar service di run level tertentu.<br />
<br />
Anda juga bisa berkreasi dengan membuat script service yang bisa dijalankan dan diberhentikan seperti misalnya dengan menyisipkan<br />
<br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
case "$1" in<br />
<br />
start)<br />
<br />
echo -n "Starting bandwidth shaping on eth0: "<br />
start<br />
echo "done"<br />
;;<br />
<br />
stop)<br />
<br />
echo -n "Stopping bandwidth shaping on eth0: "<br />
stop<br />
echo "done"<br />
;;<br />
<br />
restart)<br />
<br />
echo -n "Restarting bandwidth shaping on eth0: "<br />
restart<br />
echo "done"<br />
;;<br />
<br />
status)<br />
<br />
echo "Bandwidth shaping status for $IF:"<br />
show<br />
echo ""<br />
;;<br />
<br />
*)<br />
<br />
pwd=$(pwd)<br />
echo "Usage: tc.bash {start|stop|restart|status}"<br />
;;</blockquote>
<br />
pada script anda. Kemudian melakukan symbolic link file tersebut ke /usr/sbin atau /sbin, misalnya dengan nama rcbwshaper_eth0<br />
<br />
> ln-s /etc/init.d/bwshaper_eth0 /usr/sbin/rcbwshaper_eth0<br />
<br />
sehingga anda bisa memanggilnya dengan perintah<br />
<br />
> rcbwshaper_eth0 {start|stop|restart|status}<br />
<br />
OK selamat mencoba.<br />
Till then keep safe and stop global warming.M. Edwin Zakariahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16030000917025038396noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6986155956525736502.post-7471931152574380092012-04-30T01:10:00.002+07:002012-04-30T01:12:37.032+07:00Traffic Shaping - Bagian 3Bagian ini adalah bagian terakhir dari penjelasan traffic shaping. Kita
akan mendiskusikan sedikit mengenai ingress qdisc. Traffic shaping yang
kita bicarakan pada dua tulisan sebelumnya merupakan implementasi egress
qdisc, dimana kita men-shape traffic yang meninggalkan eth1 (trafik
upload). Untuk trafik yang menuju eth1 (trafik incoming) kita menerapkan
ingress qdisc (lihat <a href="http://jengelh.medozas.de/images/nf-packet-flow.png" target="_blank" title="jengelh diagram">diagram dari jengelh</a>
untuk mendapatkan gambaran mengenai ingress dan egress). Untuk trafik
incoming kita tidak dapat melakukan shaping, tetapi yang kita lakukan
adalah membuat policy, implementasi di tc adalah police. Yang akan kita
lakukan adalah membuat policy untuk melambatkan trafik yang masuk agar
tidak terjadi kongesti di server kita.<br />
<br />
Perhatikan bagian:<br />
<br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
# attach ingress policer;<br />
# ngelambatin download sedikit<br />
tc qdisc add dev eth1 handle ffff: ingress
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
# lambatin semua paket yang datang terlalu cepat<br />
tc filter add dev eth1 parent ffff: protocol ip prio 50 u32 match ip src \<br />
0.0.0.0/0 police rate ${DOWNLINK}kbit burst 10k drop flowid :1</div>
</blockquote>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Arti dari baris <i>tc qdisc add dev eth1 handle ffff: ingress</i>
adalah meng-attach ingress qdisc pada eth 1 dengan nama handle ffff: .
Hal ini sama halnya dengan ketika mengattach egress qdisc dan membuat
root class untuk trafik upload, hanya ingress qdisc berfungsi untuk
klasifikasi trafik download.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Selanjutnya pada baris berikutnya ada u32
classifier, yang merupakan salah satu filter classifier yang sangat
powerful dalam implementasi tc. u32 akan memfilter paket berdasarkan
field dari paket ip (source ip address) yang dianalisa adalah 32 bit
header dari paket. Apabila ada kondisi yang sesuai (match) dengan <i>selector</i>
maka suatu tindakan (action) akan dilakukan. u32 selector berisi
definisi yang akan ditemui pada suatu paket yang sedang diproses berupa
informasi bit mana yang harus match di dalam header paket. Metode
sederhana ini ternyata sangat powerful.</div>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgxAr6cWhRZWLtJe4ZXwQIPPRfspmYKhyphenhyphen8570NswH7yUd-ivUNtXwjuNpxGSM5jjCEFkBR9q0MVqSa5azIrOoM6x1UqnVC5JQAsLI85y9uZq54DrE1igWEGwrzk6DtHRqO2-71ICPFZS7i0/s1600/ipformat11-tshapping3.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="515" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgxAr6cWhRZWLtJe4ZXwQIPPRfspmYKhyphenhyphen8570NswH7yUd-ivUNtXwjuNpxGSM5jjCEFkBR9q0MVqSa5azIrOoM6x1UqnVC5JQAsLI85y9uZq54DrE1igWEGwrzk6DtHRqO2-71ICPFZS7i0/s640/ipformat11-tshapping3.png" width="640" /></a></div>
<br />
Dalam script di atas ada juga hal baru yang ditemui yaitu police dan
burst. Police merupakan filter yang membatasi rate bandwidth sampai
kecepatan tertentu. Burst atau buffer adalah ukuran dari bucket (HTB =
hierarchical tocken bucket, atau kadang-kadang disebut juga TBF = tocken
bucket filter) dalam byte (1 byte = 8 bit), sebagai patokan untuk
kecepatan 10mbit/s dibutuhkan setidaknya ukuran buffer 10 kbyte.<br />
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Maksud dari baris</div>
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
tc filter add dev eth1 parent ffff: protocol ip prio 50 u32 match ip src \</blockquote>
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
0.0.0.0/0 police rate ${DOWNLINK}kbit burst 10k drop flowid :1</blockquote>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
adalah membuat class ingress dari class
ffff: untuk protokol ip dengan prioritas 50 dengan source ip dari
internet dengan membatasi kecepatan paket sebesar kecepatan DOWNLINK
kbit/s dengan buffer sebesar 10 kbytes, paket yang kecepatannya lebih
dari DOWNLINK akan di drop.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<b>Beberapa Contoh Lain</b></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Kombinasi iptables, ip, tc dapat digunakan untuk beberapa hal lain yang sangat menarik, di bawah ini beberapa contohnya.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Anda mempunyai beberapa koneksi internet
ke beberapa ISP. Anda menginginkan agar trafik smtp melalui jalur salah
satu ISP saja. Anda dapat mengkombinasi iptables dengan ip. Buat
perintah untuk script iptables seperti dibawah ini</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<blockquote>
# iptables -A PREROUTING -i eth0 -t mangle -p tcp –dport 25 \<br />
-j MARK –set-mark 1</blockquote>
<blockquote>
# echo 201 mail.out >> /etc/iproute2/rt_tables<br />
# ip rule add fwmark 1 table mail.out<br />
# ip rule ls<br />
0: from all lookup local<br />
32764: from all fwmark 1 lookup mail.out<br />
32766: from all lookup main<br />
32767: from all lookup default</blockquote>
<br />
Lalu kita jalankan perintah:<br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
#/sbin/ip route add default via 202.172.43.171 dev eth0 table mail.out </blockquote>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Maka semua email trafik akan melalui eth0 di mesin router kita menuju ISP tertentu.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Contoh lain adalah untuk selector u32
classifier, misalnya kita ingin agar trafik ICMP masuk ke qdisc tertentu
kita dapat membuat misalnya:</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<div style="text-align: justify;">
# tc filter add dev eth0 parent 10:0 protocol ip prio 100 u32 match ip protocol 1 0xFF flowid 10:100 </div>
</blockquote>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Mudah-mudahan penjelasan singkat ini bisa
dipahami, dan jangan takut untuk mencoba-coba sendiri. Apa yang saya
coba share di sini memang masih kurang lengkap tapi setidaknya bisa
menjadi awal bagi anda yang tertarik network dan quality of service di
linux.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Have a lot of fun.</div>M. Edwin Zakariahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16030000917025038396noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6986155956525736502.post-47262505996685186732012-04-30T00:38:00.000+07:002012-04-30T01:13:32.998+07:00Traffic Shaping - Bagian 2Pada bagian ini kita akan mendiskusikan bagaimana mengklasifikasikan
paket dan kemudian melakukan penandaan paket (packet marking)
berdasarkan TOS field paket di linux kernel. Jadi kita akan menyerahkan
klasifikasi paket untuk dilakukan oleh iptables selanjutnya HTB akan
melakukan queueing berdasarkan penandaan oleh iptables. Secara singkat
TOS (Type of Service, kudu dimengerti oleh pengguna linux yang berminat
pada networking dan Quality of Service) merupakan bagian dari paket yang
menentukan prioritas dari paket. TOS terdiri dari 8 bit (octet), bit 0,
1, 2 adalah precedence, bit 3, 4, 5, 6 adalah TOS, dan bit 7 adalah bit
MBZ (Must Be Zero).<br />
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjzxKo4Vut292yHUbX56YzzPQyf2DOWgJGqrFxmAbhOcSMw3h_QlQKQZS-1r_w04RKH65JZvoasOaDytcnK1ac5rIBv1mBBpN701xwxYUCjidYAj4uUb3Yl-wLrS91H2_HK9S97fGBj3cw9/s1600/tosoctet-tshapping2.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjzxKo4Vut292yHUbX56YzzPQyf2DOWgJGqrFxmAbhOcSMw3h_QlQKQZS-1r_w04RKH65JZvoasOaDytcnK1ac5rIBv1mBBpN701xwxYUCjidYAj4uUb3Yl-wLrS91H2_HK9S97fGBj3cw9/s1600/tosoctet-tshapping2.png" /></a></div>
<br />
Secara default nilai dari TOS bits adalah sebagai berikut:<br />
<blockquote>
<ul>
<li>1000 (binary) 8 (decimal) Minimize delay (md)</li>
<li>0100 (binary) 4 (decimal) Maximize throughput (mt)</li>
<li>0010 (binary) 2 (decimal) Maximize reliability (mr)</li>
<li>0001 (binary) 1 (decimal) Minimize monetary cost (mmc)</li>
<li>0000 (binary) 0 (decimal) Normal service</li>
</ul>
</blockquote>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Untuk mengetahui lebih jauh tentang TOS silakan membaca <a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc1349.txt" target="_blank" title="RFC1349">RFC1349</a> dan <a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2474.txt" target="_blank" title="RFC2474">RFC2474</a>.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Dengan iptables kita dapat melakukan
penandaan paket (packet marking) berdasarkan TOS bits dan inilah yang
akan kita lakukan dengan script yang kita buat. Header dari paket akan
dibongkar (mangle) oleh iptables dan disisipi tanda (mark) sesuai
keinginan kita. <i>(Thanks to Rusty Russel, Harald Welte, Patrick
McHardy etc to make iptables as a nice userland for linux communites. <strike>
Sekitar 2 tahun lalu</strike> Tahun 2006 kebetulan saya pernah kerja bareng dengan salah
satu kontributor iptables/netfilter <a href="http://sg.linkedin.com/in/fabricemarie" target="_blank">Fabrice Marie</a>,
dia salah satu pembuat howto nya netfilter, orangnya sangat down to
earth, ramah dan mau berbagi ilmu. Saat itu saya gak tahu kalau dia
salah satu kontributornya……..)</i></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Pada script yang saya berikan (pada tulisan sebelumnya) perhatikan bagian</div>
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
tc filter add dev eth1 parent 1:0 protocol ip prio 1 handle 1 fw classid 1:10<br />
tc filter add dev eth1 parent 1:0 protocol ip prio 2 handle 2 fw classid 1:11<br />
tc filter add dev eth1 parent 1:0 protocol ip prio 3 handle 3 fw classid 1:12<br />
tc filter add dev eth1 parent 1:0 protocol ip prio 4 handle 4 fw classid 1:13<br />
tc filter add dev eth1 parent 1:0 protocol ip prio 5 handle 5 fw classid 1:14<br />
tc filter add dev eth1 parent 1:0 protocol ip prio 6 handle 6 fw classid 1:15</blockquote>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<a href="http://medwinz.blogspot.com/2012/04/traffic-shapping-bagian-1.html" target="_blank" title="taffic shaping (penjelasan 1)">Pada tulisan sebelumnya</a>
kita sudah membuat 6 class htb qdisc tetapi belum melakukan klasifikasi
paket, sehingga seluruh paket upload dari network kita akan melalui
class 1:15 (kita mendefinisikan tc qdisc add dev eth1 root handle 1: htb
default 15). Sekarang kita harus mengklasifikasikan paket agar paket
tertentu akan masuk kedalam class htb qdisc tertentu pula. Script di
atas adalah filter yang akan membagi paket kedalam class tertentu
berdasarkan klasifikasi paket oleh iptables. Penggunaan iptables sangat
dianjurkan karena sangat fleksibel, menghitung paket untuk setiap rule
dengan cepat, dan juga dengan adanya RETURN target paket tidak perlu
menjelajah ke semua rule.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Perintah yang dilakukan pada script di
atas adalah memberitahu kernel bahwa paket dengan nilai spesifik FWMARK
(handle x fw) harus masuk ke class tertentu (classid x:xy).</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Bagi anda yang belum memahami cara kerja iptables silakan <a href="http://www.netfilter.org/documentation/index.html" target="_blank" title="netfilter howto">download howtonya di sini</a>, atau setidaknya pahami <a href="http://jengelh.medozas.de/images/nf-packet-flow.png" target="_blank" title="jengelh picture of iptables">diagram dari Jan Engelhardt</a> (jengelh adalah pengguna openSUSE, dia salah satu kontributor di openSUSE Build Service).</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Misalkan ip lokal anda 192.168.0.0/24 dan
ip public anda 202.170.1.2, maka jalankan NAT dengan iptables (untuk
pengguna SuSEfirewall tidak perlu menjalankan perintah iptables ini,
tetapi ikuti langkah untuk SuSEfirewall di paragraf berikutnya. Saya
pengguna SuSEfirewall juga).</div>
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<ul>
<li>ech0 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward</li>
<li>iptables – t nat -A POSTROUTING -s 192.168.0.0/255.255.255.0 -o eth1 -j SNAT –to-source 202.170.1.2</li>
</ul>
</blockquote>
Untuk pengguna SuSEfirewall, buka file /etc/sysconfig/SuSEfirewall2 dan lengkapi bagian di bawah ini:<br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
FW_DEV_EXT=’eth1′ ——> sesuaikan dengan eth ip publik<br />
FW_DEV_INT=’eth2′ ——> sesuaikan dengan eth ip lokal<br />
FW_ROUTE=”yes”<br />
FW_MASQUERADE=”yes”<br />
FW_MASQ_DEV=”zone:ext”<br />
FW_MASQ_NETS=”192.168.0.0/24″<br />
FW_CUSTOMRULES=”/etc/sysconfig/scripts/SuSEfirewall2-custom” </blockquote>
Kemudian mulailah menambahkan rule untuk PREROUTING chain pada tabel mangle:<br />
<blockquote>
iptables -t mangle -A PREROUTING -p icmp -j MARK –set-mark 0×1<br />
iptables -t mangle -A PREROUTING -p icmp -j RETURN<br />
iptables -t mangle -A PREROUTING -m tos –tos Minimize-Delay -j MARK –set-mark 0×1<br />
iptables -t mangle -A PREROUTING -m tos –tos Minimize-Delay -j RETURN<br />
iptables -t mangle -A PREROUTING -m tos –tos Minimize-Cost -j MARK –set-mark 0×5<br />
iptables -t mangle -A PREROUTING -m tos –tos Minimize-Cost -j RETURN<br />
iptables -t mangle -A PREROUTING -m tos –tos Maximize-Throughput -j MARK –set-mark 0×6<br />
iptables -t mangle -A PREROUTING -m tos –tos Maximize-Throughput -j RETURN<br />
iptables -t mangle -A PREROUTING -p tcp -m tcp –sport 22 -j MARK –set-mark 0×1<br />
iptables -t mangle -A PREROUTING -p tcp -m tcp –sport 22 -j RETURN<br />
iptables -t mangle -A PREROUTING -p tcp -m tcp –dport 22 -j MARK –set-mark 0×1<br />
iptables -t mangle -A PREROUTING -p tcp -m tcp –dport 22 -j RETURN<br />
iptables -t mangle -I PREROUTING -p tcp -m tcp –tcp-flags SYN,RST,ACK SYN -j MARK –set-mark 0×1<br />
iptables -t mangle -I PREROUTING -p tcp -m tcp –tcp-flags SYN,RST,ACK SYN -j RETURN<br />
iptables -t mangle -A PREROUTING -p tcp -m tcp –dport 587 -j MARK –set-mark 0×5<br />
iptables -t mangle -A PREROUTING -p tcp -m tcp –dport 587 -j RETURN<br />
iptables -t mangle -A PREROUTING -p tcp -m tcp –dport 993 -j MARK –set-mark 0×5<br />
iptables -t mangle -A PREROUTING -p tcp -m tcp –dport 993 -j RETURN<br />
iptables -t mangle -A PREROUTING -j MARK –set-mark 0×6</blockquote>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Maksud dari script di atas adalah:</div>
<ol style="text-align: justify;">
<li>menandai traffic ICMP dengan FWMARK 0×1</li>
<li>-j RETURN untuk trafik ICMP dimana ICMP tidak akan masuk ke rule lain dibawahnya</li>
<li>menandai semua trafik TOS minimize delay sebagai FWMARK 0×1</li>
<li>-j RETURN untuk trafik TOS minimize delay, dimana trafik TOS minimize delay tidak akan masuk ke rule lain dibawahnya</li>
<li>menandai semua trafik TOS minimize cost sebagai FWMARK 0×5</li>
<li>-j RETURN untuk trafik TOS minimize cost, dimana trafik TOS minimize cost tidak akan masuk ke rule lain dibawahnya</li>
<li>menandai semua trafik TOS maximize throughput sebagai FWMARK 0×6</li>
<li>-j RETURN untuk trafik TOS maximize throughput, dimana trafik TOS maximize throughput tidak akan masuk ke rule lain dibawahnya</li>
<li>menandai trafik yang berasal dari port SSH dengan FWMARK 0×1</li>
<li>-j RETURN untuk trafik yang berasal dari port SSH dimana trafik yang
berasal dari port SSH tidak akan masuk ke rule lain dibawahnya</li>
<li>menandai trafik yang menuju port SSH dengan FWMARK 0×1</li>
<li>-j RETURN untuk trafik yang menuju port SSH dimana trafik yang menuju port SSH tidak akan masuk ke rule lain dibawahnya</li>
<li>menandai trafik yang memiliki SYN flag dengan FWMARK 0×1</li>
<li>-j RETURN untuk trafik yang memilik SYN flag dimana trafik yang memiliki SYN flag tidak akan masuk ke rule lain dibawahnya</li>
<li>menandai trafik yang menuju port 587 dengan FWMARK 0×5</li>
<li>-j RETURN untuk trafik yang menuju port 587 dimana trafik yang menuju port 587 tidak akan masuk ke rule lain dibawahnya</li>
<li>menandai trafik yang menuju port 993 dengan FWMARK 0×5</li>
<li>-j RETURN untuk trafik yang menuju port 993 dimana trafik yang menuju port 993 tidak akan masuk ke rule lain dibawahnya</li>
<li>trafik yang tidak termasuk dalam klasifikasi sebelumnya akan ditandai dengan FWMARK 0×6 dan akan masuk ke class 1:15</li>
</ol>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Kemudian lakukan hal yang sama untuk
OUTPUT chain. Ulangi script tabel mangle untuk PREROUTING, dan ganti
semua kata PREROUTING dengan OUTPUT. Kegunaannya adalah agar semua
trafik yang dihasilkan secara lokal di server tempat script ini terletak
juga akan diklasifikasi. Tetapi bagian paling akhir dari script diganti
dengan: iptables -t mangle -A OUTPUT -j MARK –set-mark 0×3. Hal ini
membuat lokal trafik akan mempunyai prioritas lebih tinggi dan akan
masuk ke class 1:12.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Masukan script OUTPUT chain dan
PREROUTING chain dalam iptables script yang selama ini anda gunakan.
Untuk pengguna SuSEfirewall, edit file
/etc/sysconfig/scripts/SuSEfirewall2-custom, dan masukkan script
tersebut pada bagian before antispoofing seperti dibawah ini</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<div style="text-align: justify;">
fw_custom_before_antispoofing(){
</div>
iptables -t mangle -A PREROUTING -p icmp -j MARK –set-mark 0×1<br />
iptables -t mangle -A PREROUTING -p icmp -j RETURN<br />
…….. dan seterusnya<br />
iptables -t mangle -A PREROUTING -j MARK –set-mark 0×6<br />
iptables -t mangle -A OUTPUT -p icmp -j MARK –set-mark 0×1<br />
iptables -t mangle -A OUTPUT -p icmp -j RETURN<br />
…….. dan seterusnya<br />
iptables -t mangle -A OUTPUT -j MARK –set-mark 0×3<br />
true<br />
}</blockquote>
Jalankan script yang saya berikan dan restart SuSEfirewall atau iptables, dan coba jalankan perintah :<br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
tc -s class show dev eth1 </blockquote>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Sekarang perhatikan bahwa jumlah paket akan meningkat di setiap class.
Jika ada class yang kosong berarti anda musti mengatur ulang priority
atau FWMARK yang diberikan, karena hal ini berbeda disetiap network
tergantung dari karakteristik pengunaan network oleh user. Selain itu
sekiranya ada class yang penuh terus, maka perlu ditambahkan queuing
dicipline lain supaya pembagian bandwidth lebih fair. Hal ini dilakukan
dengan sfq (stochastic fairness queueing). Pada contoh script saya
tambahkan class sebagai berikut:</div>
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<div style="text-align: justify;">
tc qdisc add dev eth1 parent 1:12 handle 120: sfq perturb 10<br />
tc qdisc add dev eth1 parent 1:13 handle 130: sfq perturb 10<br />
tc qdisc add dev eth1 parent 1:14 handle 140: sfq perturb 10<br />
tc qdisc add dev eth1 parent 1:15 handle 150: sfq perturb 10 </div>
</blockquote>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Maksudnya adalah menambahkan queueing
disc sfq pada class 1:12 (dan seterusnya) dengan nama handle 120 (dan
seterusnya) dengan hashing dilakukan setiap 10 detik. SFQ akan mengatur
bandwidth dibagi secara fair untuk setiap paket trafik. Untuk kasus di
tempat anda mungkin berbeda tetapi script ini dapat dijadikan dasar
untuk anda mengkonfigurasi di network anda.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Mudah-mudahan penjelasan singkat ini bisa dimengerti. Pada <a href="http://medwinz.blogspot.com/2012/04/traffic-shaping-bagian-3.html" target="_blank">tulisan berikutnya</a> akan saya jelaskan bagian script yang lain.</div>M. Edwin Zakariahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16030000917025038396noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6986155956525736502.post-24691172827334924852012-04-30T00:00:00.003+07:002012-04-30T00:47:21.575+07:00Traffic Shaping - Bagian 1<div style="text-align: justify;">
Pertanyaan paling mendasar adalah mengapa perlu pengaturan trafik atau traffic shaping?<span id="more-78"></span></div>
<ol style="text-align: justify;">
<li>Anda pakai speedy office di rumah anda untuk 3 komputer. Anda tidak butuh traffic shapping.</li>
<li>Anda pakai fastnet 384 kbps di rumah untuk 3 komputer. Anda tidak butuh traffic shapping.</li>
<li>Kalau user anda sedikit dan bandwidth anda besar, katakan user anda
100, bandwidth anda 8 Mbps symmetris, anda sepertinya gak butuh traffic
shaping (debatable juga sih apalagi kalau dipakai voip atau video
conference).</li>
<li>Kalau user anda hanya 1 sampai 5 orang bisa dikatakan anda tidak
perlu traffic shaping, karena bandwidth anda masih memadai untuk
melayani user anda. Tapi bagaimana kalau user anda lebih dari 15 orang
dan masing-masing melakukan koneksi remote ssh, selain tentunya browsing
dan download. Bisa dikatakan anda akan mengalami masalah, kalau anda
tidak men-shape trafik upload dan membuat policy untuk downlink anda.
Saya mengalaminya sendiri dengan sekitar 60 user yang haus bandwidth.</li>
<li>Menjaga low latency untuk trafik interaktif. Artinya proses download
dan upload harus tidak mengganggu SSH, telnet dan sejenisnya. Hal ini
yang paling penting. Dengan latency 200ms cukup membuat bekerja dengan
SSH sangat tidak nyaman.</li>
<li>Menjaga agar user dapat tetap membrowse internet dengan kecepatan yang nyaman sementara melakukan proses upload atau download.</li>
<li>Memastikan bahwa proses upload tidak mengorbankan proses download
dan sebaliknya. Perlu dipahami bahwa adanya queue yang besar di device
seperti modem ADSL atau kabel modem akan membuat upload, download dan
trafik interaktif akan saling bertanding satu sama lain.</li>
</ol>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Di bawah ini adalah script yang dapat digunakan untuk melakukan traffic shaping di
openSUSE (well, juga untuk distribusi linux lain). Sekarang saya akan
menjelaskan apa maksud dari script tersebut. Ketika dulu pertama kali
mempelajari tc, ip, dan HTB saya menyadari bahwa hal inilah yang paling
susah.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<pre>#!/bin/sh
#
#
# /etc/init.d/mebwshaper_eth1
#
### BEGIN INIT INFO
# Provides: mebwshaper_eth1
# Required-Start: $network
# Should-Start:
# Required-Stop:
# Should-Stop:
# Default-Start: 3 5
# Default-Stop: 0 1 2 6
# Short-Description: Custom bandwidth shaping by medwinz@gmail.com
# Description: Custom bandwidth shaping by medwinz@gmail.com
### END INIT INFO
#
test -s /etc/rc.status && . /etc/rc.status && rc_reset
case "$1" in
start )
# script bandwidth shaping for openSUSE by medwinz@gmail.com
# silakan dicopy atau diubah-ubah
#
echo -n "Starting bandwidth shaping HTB qdiscs in eth1"
DOWNLINK=968
UPLINK=110
# hapus existing downlink and uplink qdiscs, umpetin errors
tc qdisc del dev eth1 root 2> /dev/null > /dev/null
sleep 2
tc qdisc del dev eth1 ingress 2> /dev/null > /dev/null
sleep 1
# ngebuat qdisc
tc qdisc add dev eth1 root handle 1: htb default 15
tc class add dev eth1 parent 1: classid 1:1 htb rate ${UPLINK}kbit ceil ${UPLINK}kbit
tc class add dev eth1 parent 1:1 classid 1:10 htb rate 36kbit ceil 36kbit prio 0
tc class add dev eth1 parent 1:1 classid 1:11 htb rate 36kbit ceil ${UPLINK}kbit prio 1
tc class add dev eth1 parent 1:1 classid 1:12 htb rate 9kbit ceil ${UPLINK}kbit prio 2
tc class add dev eth1 parent 1:1 classid 1:13 htb rate 9kbit ceil ${UPLINK}kbit prio 2
tc class add dev eth1 parent 1:1 classid 1:14 htb rate 11kbit ceil ${UPLINK}kbit prio 3
tc class add dev eth1 parent 1:1 classid 1:15 htb rate 9kbit ceil ${UPLINK}kbit prio 3
tc qdisc add dev eth1 parent 1:12 handle 120: sfq perturb 10
tc qdisc add dev eth1 parent 1:13 handle 130: sfq perturb 10
tc qdisc add dev eth1 parent 1:14 handle 140: sfq perturb 10
tc qdisc add dev eth1 parent 1:15 handle 150: sfq perturb 10
tc filter add dev eth1 parent 1:0 protocol ip prio 1 handle 1 fw classid 1:10
tc filter add dev eth1 parent 1:0 protocol ip prio 2 handle 2 fw classid 1:11
tc filter add dev eth1 parent 1:0 protocol ip prio 3 handle 3 fw classid 1:12
tc filter add dev eth1 parent 1:0 protocol ip prio 4 handle 4 fw classid 1:13
tc filter add dev eth1 parent 1:0 protocol ip prio 5 handle 5 fw classid 1:14
tc filter add dev eth1 parent 1:0 protocol ip prio 6 handle 6 fw classid 1:15
# attach ingress policer;
# ngelambatin download sedikit
tc qdisc add dev eth1 handle ffff: ingress
# lambatin semua paket yang datang terlalu cepat
tc filter add dev eth1 parent ffff: protocol ip prio 50 u32 match ip src \
0.0.0.0/0 police rate ${DOWNLINK}kbit burst 10k drop flowid :1
rc_status -v
;;
stop)
# hapus existing downlink and uplink qdiscs, umpetin errors
echo -n "Delete all HTB qdiscs on eth1"
tc qdisc del dev eth1 root 2> /dev/null > /dev/null
sleep 3
tc qdisc del dev eth1 ingress 2> /dev/null > /dev/null
sleep 2
rc_status -v
;;
restart)
## Berhentiin service dan tanpa perduli dia jalan atau nggak
## Start lagi.
$0 stop
$0 start
# inget status dan tenang aja
rc_status
;;
*)
echo "Usage: $0 {start|stop|restart}"
exit 1
;;
esac
rc_exit</pre>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<b>Penjelasan</b><br />
<br />
DOWNLINK=968<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Ini adalah kecepatan download. ISP
mengatakan 1024 kbps, tapi saya kecilkan menjadi sekitar 94% saja. Hal
ini perlu agar tidak terjadi kongesti.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
UPLINK=110</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Demikian pula dengan upload. ISP menyatakan sebesar 128 kbps, tapi hanya 86% yang saya alokasikan.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Anda harus mencari dengan trial and error
sampai didapatkan angka maksimum untuk DOWNLINK dan UPLINK dimana
traffic tidak menyebabkan kongesti pada sambungan ADSL anda. Perlu untuk
diketahui bahwa ISP menerapkan queueing pada banyak sekali server
mereka, kita tidak dapat mengkontrol queueing di sisi ISP. Karena itu
tujuan utama dari traffic shapping ini adalah memindahkan queueing pada
server kita agar kita bisa mengaturnya. Sehingga traffic yang mencapai
ISP tidak di queuing lagi oleh ISP (idealnya seperti itu). Pada setting
di tempat saya, saya menggunakan angka UPLINK 110 kbit/s. Angka ini
adalah angka maksimum sebelum latency mulai meningkat (walaupun Speedy
mengatakan uploadnya 128 kbit/s) yang disebabkan mulai penuhnya buffer
pada router atau modem (whatever..) antara server saya dengan remote
host.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
tc qdisc del dev eth1 root 2> /dev/null > /dev/null<br />
sleep 2</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Baris di atas merupakan perintah tc untuk
menghapus semua root qdisc downlink yang mungkin ada sebelumnya di
device eth1, selanjutnya menunggu selama 2 detik.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
tc qdisc del dev eth1 ingress 2> /dev/null > /dev/null<br />
sleep 1</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Baris ini merupakan perintah tc untuk
menghapus semua ingress qdisc uplink yang mungkin ada sebelumnya di
device eth1, selanjutnya menunggu selama 1 detik. Baris-baris berikutnya
adalah inti dari script ini yaitu membuat beberapa qdisc baru untuk
mengatur trafik upload,</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
tc qdisc add dev eth1 root handle 1: htb default 15<br />
tc class add dev eth1 parent 1: classid 1:1 htb rate ${UPLINK}kbit ceil ${UPLINK}kbit<br />
tc class add dev eth1 parent 1:1 classid 1:10 htb rate 36kbit ceil 36kbit prio 0<br />
tc class add dev eth1 parent 1:1 classid 1:11 htb rate 36kbit ceil ${UPLINK}kbit prio 1<br />
tc class add dev eth1 parent 1:1 classid 1:12 htb rate 9kbit ceil ${UPLINK}kbit prio 2<br />
tc class add dev eth1 parent 1:1 classid 1:13 htb rate 9kbit ceil ${UPLINK}kbit prio 2<br />
tc class add dev eth1 parent 1:1 classid 1:14 htb rate 11kbit ceil ${UPLINK}kbit prio 3<br />
tc class add dev eth1 parent 1:1 classid 1:15 htb rate 9kbit ceil ${UPLINK}kbit prio 3</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Hal di atas adalah membuat beberapa qdisc
dimana trafik akan diklasifikasikan. ada 6 htb qdisc yang dibuat dengan
prioritas tertinggi pada class 1:10 dan terendah pada class 1:15.
Secara default semua trafik akan masuk ke class 1:15 ( tc qdisc add dev
eth1 root handle 1: htb default 15). Maksud dari baris-baris di atas
adalah membagi root class 1: upload menjadi 6 class 1:10, 1:11, 1:12,
1:13, 1:14 dan 1:15 dengan rate minimal masing-masing 36 kbit, 36 kbit, 9
kbit, 9 kbit, 11 kbit dan 9 kbit. Setiap class dapat menggunakan
bandwidth yang tidak terpakai oleh class lainnya. Class dengan priority
yang lebih tinggi (prio 1 prioritasnya lebih tinggi dari prio 3) akan
mendapatkan alokasi bandwidth lebih dulu.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiu85vIcH5vVBLmDMr9R3x7bGcDYger2aN0OTOA1R_X9FMqhw9YSGcw5l8RgcHpTCM271tbcQET5vEfNMOSTJqcnH-ml8boYlGuJ2-iZqLLeGpQo5hqbkiJTVpwHukQWuLnJlNclbndjZ0c/s1600/htbclass-tshapping-1.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiu85vIcH5vVBLmDMr9R3x7bGcDYger2aN0OTOA1R_X9FMqhw9YSGcw5l8RgcHpTCM271tbcQET5vEfNMOSTJqcnH-ml8boYlGuJ2-iZqLLeGpQo5hqbkiJTVpwHukQWuLnJlNclbndjZ0c/s1600/htbclass-tshapping-1.png" /></a></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
classid 1:10 htb rate 36kbit ceil 36kbit prio 0</div>
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Ini adalah class dengan prioritas tertinggi. Paket dalam class ini akan
memiliki delay terkecil dan akan mendapatkan excess bandwidth pertama
kali, sehingga saya membatasinya sampai angka 36 kbit/s. Paket yang akan
dikirimkan melalui class ini adalah paket yang membutuhkan delay yang
kecil, seperti trafik interaktif yaitu: ssh, telnet, dns, irc, dan paket
dengan SYN flag.</div>
</blockquote>
classid 1:11 htb rate 36kbit ceil ${UPLINK}kbit prio 1<br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
Kelas ini adalah kelas pertama dimana sebagian besar trafik (bulk
traffic) akan diletakkan. Trafik di sini sebagian besar adalah web
trafik dari lokal web server (web server di mesin lokal) serta trafik
web keluar: source port 80 dan destination port 80.</blockquote>
classid 1:12 htb rate 9kbit ceil ${UPLINK}kbit prio 2<br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
Dalam kelas ini saya letakkan trafik dengan nilai bit TOS
Maximize-Throughput dan trafik lain yang berasal dari proses lokal
(trafik yang sumbernya dari server) ke internet. Class ini hanya akan
berisi trafik yang di-route melalui server (tempat script ini di
jalankan). </blockquote>
classid 1:13 htb rate 9kbit ceil ${UPLINK}kbit prio 2<br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
Class ini diperuntukkan bagi trafik untuk mesin-mesin yang di- NAT, yang membutuhkan prioritas bagi trafik bulk-nya. </blockquote>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
classid 1:14 htb rate 11kbit ceil ${UPLINK}kbit prio 3</div>
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Class ini untuk trafik email (SMTP, POP3, IMAP, dll) serta paket dengan nilai bit TOS Minimize-Cost. </div>
</blockquote>
classid 1:15 htb rate 9kbit ceil ${UPLINK}kbit prio 3<br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
Class terakhir ini adalah class default dimana bulk traffic dari
mesin-mesin yang di NAT akan dimasukkan. Trafik yang masuk di sini
seperti kazaa, edonkey, dan yang sejenisnya. </blockquote>
Penjelasan singkat ini silakan dicerna dulu. Dibaca, dimengerti dan dibawa mimpi. Saya akan lanjutkan pada tulisan berikutnya bagaimana menghubungkan script ini dengan iptables.M. Edwin Zakariahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16030000917025038396noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6986155956525736502.post-88159556175806320382012-04-29T01:50:00.000+07:002012-04-29T10:42:27.433+07:00FInally Promo DVD 12.1 Come to Indonesia<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj158cp9rroWklF9YtPYBRp78Za-mfgecigTUlNmu-GriWjqGsKKU4NOdU0AVuGlkoeyFGnzYvarN6q0MGly4OxpkKlxqM9M2nFMPt5EcYNc8rzuDqYt-mfvaXulJ8du24624sl3rHEeUln/s1600/promo-dvd-12-1-box.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="150" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj158cp9rroWklF9YtPYBRp78Za-mfgecigTUlNmu-GriWjqGsKKU4NOdU0AVuGlkoeyFGnzYvarN6q0MGly4OxpkKlxqM9M2nFMPt5EcYNc8rzuDqYt-mfvaXulJ8du24624sl3rHEeUln/s200/promo-dvd-12-1-box.JPG" width="200" /></a>Talking about bureaucracy, Indonesia maybe one of the worst case in the world. Sometimes officials cannot differentiate what is "commercial thing" and what is "social thing". Their head and brain full of how to monetizing something. Long story short when openSUSE 11.4 was out, SUSE sent 300 pieces promo DVD for me on August 2011 that I should then distribute again for free with my own time and money to spread the free open source software here in Indonesia.<br />
<br />
At that time the combination of stupid person on forwarder side and corrupted-mind officials made me cannot took the DVD from Customs.<br />
<br />
When openSUSE 11.1 out a couple of years ago I can easily got my openSUSE DVD sent from SUSE to Jakarta. So we are talking about declining quality of Indonesian Customs here after government always talking about good governance. Shame on them isn't it?<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhOMFMgGWT1KCN0wMboWH2e5pIsJf59Rdp5kERVAo1-6P9_zfjV6fO4QKh_itCbZ2wK4aMSGQ7A5T8Y_DzQoFzn3k9DvUgdeA2-d4GXJMINloQrXYw5V0Xiwu-JVsnqVFKxiDa1mtEr_sGO/s1600/promo-dvd-12-1-box1.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="150" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhOMFMgGWT1KCN0wMboWH2e5pIsJf59Rdp5kERVAo1-6P9_zfjV6fO4QKh_itCbZ2wK4aMSGQ7A5T8Y_DzQoFzn3k9DvUgdeA2-d4GXJMINloQrXYw5V0Xiwu-JVsnqVFKxiDa1mtEr_sGO/s200/promo-dvd-12-1-box1.JPG" width="200" /></a>On March 2012 openSUSE sent me 500 pieces promo DVD of openSUSE 12.1 and this time SUSE change the stupid forwarder. The new forwarder asks me to prepare some documents that should be submitted through government offices, Ministry of Justice and Ministry of Commerce prior to go to Customs office. Previous forwarder not clearly explain this new thing to me. The new forwarder also doesn't allow me to bring the documents to Customs office, they will do it for me. I just only come to the Customs in the end of the process to claim the goods.
So in April 26, 2012 three months after the release date I get the openSUSE 12.1 Promo DVD here in Jakarta. Huh...<br />
I will distribute the DVD to <a href="http://ict-eqep.com/locations/map_350.html" target="_blank">school teachers and facilitators in Yogyakarta province</a> in Indonesia, and also for <a href="http://opensuse.or.id/2012/04/03/selamat-bekerja-para-pejuang-opensuse-indonesia/" target="_blank">Indonesia Translation Team for openSUSE Documentation</a>.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg6yA8jSTqVGdm12LohQNOqqbBFI1LSrqeDK4xpdVnBQ0fSHJog4msLM2qmeN2gVGonE9G2rXtjjS2o6XJxCFJvVj2LM3jcoz83itcTOrqRi1hep1Jo4XD2kaK6UIjZq4D-7H-0FA2mZwI8/s1600/promo-dvd-12-1.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="150" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg6yA8jSTqVGdm12LohQNOqqbBFI1LSrqeDK4xpdVnBQ0fSHJog4msLM2qmeN2gVGonE9G2rXtjjS2o6XJxCFJvVj2LM3jcoz83itcTOrqRi1hep1Jo4XD2kaK6UIjZq4D-7H-0FA2mZwI8/s200/promo-dvd-12-1.JPG" width="200" /></a></div>
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PS:<br />
Officials if you read this rambling "shit" don't get me wrong, I'm 100% Indonesian, I love this beautiful country very much so please don't ruin that. Please serve Indonesian citizen better because that's your only duty as a civil servants.<br />
For capitalist company please train your staff and fire your in-competence people!M. Edwin Zakariahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16030000917025038396noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6986155956525736502.post-71631837546158393362009-06-25T17:52:00.000+07:002009-06-26T09:21:55.119+07:00Some Small Tips (but useful enough)Some while ago there is a threat and discussion in openSUSE mailing list about the slowness of Firefox initiation after someone start it (click the icon). Sankar gave the solution that actually very useful to clean the the sqlite database within the Firefox. This will compact the disk blocks of your sqlite database and from then on, Firefox will start noticeably faster if your are a long time user.<br /><br />The command is simple and run as normal user:<br />1. Shutdown the Firefox<br />2. Go to ~/.mozilla directory<br />3. From the konsole run "find . -name '*.sqlite' -exec sqlite3 '{}' 'VACUUM;' \;" without the quote<br /><br />Try it and you will see the different. You can use it as much as you like if you use Firefox heavily :-)<br /><br />Another tips here is about how to determine the date of installation or file system creation. Well, even that it is a bit tricky and actually I still try to find the exact answer, maybe you can use the date when you create your partition for you Linux installation. Assuming this is what you want, we can use the command below from the terminal/konsole as root.<br /><br />1. su<br />2. find your / partition with "df -h"<br />3. assuming your / partition is /dev/sda2 run "dumpe2fs /dev/sda2 | grep "created""<br /><br />change sda2 with your / partition<br />Try it, and till then have a lot of fun.M. Edwin Zakariahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16030000917025038396noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6986155956525736502.post-60904058471403556512009-06-24T22:43:00.000+07:002009-06-25T09:19:40.539+07:00Busy Mode On!I've been a bit busy lately. There are at least 3 projects I should manage to work on. In one project I become a Project Manager (technical side also), and in the other two I join as a member. So in the second half of 2009 I already fully booked ;)<br /><br />The project that I act as a project manager is development of 3 crisis center/emergency operation center in 3 provinces in Indonesia. I should prepare our engineer to install asterisk, heartbeat and working with programmer to prepare some GIS and database software for the center. Sound interesting.<br /><br />In the second project, I join with some experts in education to prepare a design of e-learning system for education quality enhancement for elementary and junior-high schools in one province in Indonesia.<br /><br />In the last project I should help a team of programmer to prepare the infrastructure for customize service for a new GSM handset type that will be launched in Indonesia at the Q3 of this year.<br /><br />Maybe you will not see many articles in this blog or in <a href="http://medwinz.blogsome.com">my other blog</a> for the next couple of months. I promise to use my free time to write anything and hope I can put in in my blog later on.<br /><br />Have a lot of fun!M. Edwin Zakariahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16030000917025038396noreply@blogger.com0